Table 1.
Sources of Arthromitus-like bacteria in nature
| KINGDOM* | |
|---|---|
| Phylum | |
| Order | |
| Genus species (common name) | Provider and identification |
| ANIMALIA | |
| Mandibulata (Uniramia, arthropods) | |
| Blattaria | |
| Blaberus giganteus (giant cockroach)† | J. Kunkel, UMA; R. Redfield, UBC |
| Cryptocercus punctulatus (wood-eating cockroach)‡ | Mountain Lake, VA; Florida |
| Gromphodorhina portentosa (hissing roach)† (20) | D. Winans, NESC, CBC |
| Isoptera | |
| Kalotermitids (dry wood-eating termites) | |
| Calotermes sp.§ | R. Scheffrahn, South Florida |
| Cryptotermes brevis† | R. Scheffrahn |
| Cryptotermes cavifrons† | M. Deyrup, Central Florida |
| Glyptotermes sp.† | Fixed slide preparations of H. Kirby (32) |
| Kalotermes approximatus‡ | Fig. 2e |
| Kalotermes flavicollis†‡ | M. Gajú, Andulusia, Spain |
| Kalotermes praecox‡ | |
| Kalotermes schwartzi,‡Incisitermes minor§ | Fig. 2g |
| Mastotermes darwiniensis‡ | |
| Pterotermes occidentis‡ | Fig. 2d |
| Hodotermitids (damp wood-eating termites) | |
| Zootermopsis angusticollis‡ | |
| Zootermopsis nevadensis‡ | |
| Rhinotermitids (subterranean termites) | |
| Coptotermes formosanus‡ | |
| Reticulitermes flavipes‡ | Airlie Conference Center, Airlie, VA; Fig. 2f |
| Reticulitermes hesperus‡ | |
| Reticulitermes tibialis‡ | Fig. 3 |
| Coleoptera | |
| Polydesmus (unicorn wood-beetle)‡ | |
| Odontotaenius disjunctus (patent-leather or bess beetle)† (= Passalus cornutus, Popilius disjunctus) |
NESC, CBC |
| Myriapoda | |
| Graphidostreptus? Fam. Julidae (Madagascar fire millipede)† | NESC, D. Winans |
| Spirobolus (millipede)‡ | |
| Julus marginatus (millipede)‡ | J. Leidy, 1849 (5) |
| Crustacea (isopods) | |
| Armadillidium sp. (pillbug)† | MBL |
| Porcellio scaber (sow bug)† | NESC (18), D. Winans; Fig. 2b |
| Chordata | |
| Vertebrates: amphibians, ducks | (13) |
| chickens, rats, mice, humans‡ | (12, 15) |
| PROTOCTISTA | |
| Gloeocystis major (green algal gel mass)† | Cider Mill Pond, Amherst, MA |
Abbreviations: MBL, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA; NESC, New England Science Center, Worcester, MA; UMA, University of Massachusetts at Amherst; CBC, Carolina Biological Co.; UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Sow bugs were taken from the NESC exhibit housing Leontopithecus rosalia (golden lion tamarin; ref. 18). Several hundred animals were maintained on damp soil, wood chips, and dry leaves in plastic boxes. These and the roaches and termites were also housed at room temperature in boxes, well lit and covered with fine nylon mesh to prevent the entrance of fungal spores. The animal colonies were moistened when necessary by misting with distilled H2O; all but the termites were fed commercial dry dog food pellets dampened with distilled H2O. The termites were supplied with small pieces of wood of the same sort from which they were collected.
*Classification follows ref. 19.
This paper.
See ref. 8 for details and earlier literature. If not otherwise mentioned, termites were collected and identified by the authors.
Calotermes [= Incisitermes (21) of the French literature] is spelled Kalotermes in English or German.