FIG. 4.

Live vaccination with CpG ODNs promotes early recruitment of IFN-γ-producing CD4⁺ T cells to the site. Mice were vaccinated in the ear dermis with 10⁴ metacyclic promastigotes alone (▪) or with 50 μg of CpG ODNs (•). Graphs show the total number of IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ (A), IL-10⁺ CD4⁺ (B), or IFN-γ⁺ CD8⁺ (C) T cells in the inoculation site of B/6 mice at weekly intervals following vaccination. Staining for surface markers and intracytoplasmic staining for IFN-γ or IL-10 were analyzed on dermal cells pooled from three mice (six ears) following in vitro restimulation with L. major-infected BMDDC. Analyses were gated on CD3⁺ cells. Numbers at each time point were determined from the percentage of CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells positive for IFN-γ or IL-10 multiplied by the total number of CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells extracted per ear.