TABLE 1.

HTLV-specific CD4⁺ T-cell frequencies in HTLV-1-infected subjects^a

Subject	Proviral load (% PBMC)	Total IFN-γ+ (% CD4+)	Total TNF-α+ (% CD4+)	Total IL-2+ (% CD4+)	Total Th1+ (% CD4+)b
TAA	8.65	0.30	0.68	0.57	1.04
TAE	2.10	0.50	0.60	0.82	1.28
TBO	9.05	0.91	1.47	2.03	2.69
TAY	1.50	0.10	0.21	0.24	0.45
TAZ	10.10	0.46	0.22	0.51	0.86
TAU	5.40	0.46	0.22	0.40	0.81
TBP	14.50	0.38	0.18	0.30	0.62
TAQ	1.50	0.41	0.08	0.10	0.56
TAL	4.60	0.55	0.09	0.32	0.92
Median	5.40	0.46	0.22	0.40	0.86
HAI	14.84	0.19	0.23	0.26	0.52
HBA	0.50	0.05	0	0.02	0.06
HBF	4.00	0.02	0	0.02	0.04
HBE	6.90	0.20	0	0.09	0.29
HAE	0.03	0.04	0	0.03	0.06
HT	0.60	0.13	0	0	0.13
HBI	1.00	0.17	0.03	0.04	0.22
HS	5.80	0.06	0.09	0.09	0.16
HBK	4.60	0.07	0.11	0.15	0.26
Median	4.00	0.06	0	0.04	0.16
Mann-Whitney P value	0.1903	0.0003c	0.00056c	0.0003c	<0.0001c

^aSubject codes beginning with T indicate a HAM/TSP patient, while H indicates an AC. Mann-Whitney two-tailed P values show comparisons between HAM/TSP and AC. groups. Total IFN-γ frequency = mean total IFN-γ⁺ of two stainings (similarly for other cytokines).

^bTotal Th1 frequency = spIFN-γ + spTNF-α + spIL-2 + dpIFN-γ-TNF-α + dpTNFα-IL-2 + dpIFN-γ-IL-2 (no triple-positive data available; therefore, this represents an approximate value). A value of 0% denotes “not detected.” sp = single positive; dp = double positive; e.g., spIFN-γ denotes IFNγ⁺ IL-2⁻ TNFα⁻. The data on IFN-γ-confirm and extend our previous work (16).

^cSignificant difference.