Table 1.

Pharmacokinetic parameters for midazolam after intravenous and subcutaneous administration of a 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ dose to healthy volunteers (n = 18) over 5 min. Values are geometric means (± s.d.).

Pharmacokinetic parameters	i.v. route	s.c. route
Cmax (ng ml−1)	557.7 (261.6)	127.8 (29.3)***
tmax (h)	0.10 (0.03)	0.51 (0.18)***
t1/2 (h)	2.9 (0.7)	3.2 (1.0)*
AUC (0,t) (ng ml−1 h)	383.8 (81.9)	350.4 (71.8)
AUC (0,∞) (ng ml−1 h)	400.1 (93.7)	379.1 (88.2)
F (%)	–	96 (14)
CL (ml min−1 kg−1)	4.4 (1.0)	–
V (l kg−1)	1.1 (0.2)	–

Statistically significant difference between the two ways of administration was established using anova (C_max, t_1/2) or Wilcoxon rank sum test (t_max)

^*P < 0.05

^***P < 0.0001.