Table 1.
Characteristics of the experimental groups
| Group
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IV | |
| n | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Age, years | 24 ± 1 | 23 ± 1 | 22 ± 1 | 22 ± 1 |
| Weight, kg | 67 ± 2 | 70 ± 2 | 67 ± 2 | 69 ± 3 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 ± 0.6 | 23.3 ± 0.7 | 22.1 ± 0.9 | 21.7 ± 1.3 |
| HbA1c, %* | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2 |
| Fasting glucose, mM | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 5.8 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2 |
| Fasting insulin, pM | 27 ± 4 | 40 ± 4 | 39 ± 3 | 33 ± 3 |
| Hyperglycemic goal, mM | 10 | 10 | 16 | 16 |
| NMR spectroscopy | 13C | 31P | 13C | 31P |
Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM. BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.
*
Normal range in our laboratory is 4.8–6.4%.