Table 4.
Antibiotic treatment for 18-month-old children.
| Crude | Adjusted | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| High prescription area | 2.67 | 1.45 to 4.93 | 2.50 | 1.27 to 4.95 | 2.44 | 1.19 to 4.99 | 2.55 | 1.23 to 5.32 | 2.61 | 1.14 to 5.98 |
| Being a boy | 1.49 | 0.93 to 2.39 | ||||||||
| Any sibling | 1.23 | 0.76 to 2.00 | 2.21 | 1.06 to 4.41 | ||||||
| Asthma | 2.28 | 1.20 to 4.32 | 2.62 | 1.35 to 5.07 | 1.96 | 0.92 to 4.16 | ||||
| Day care outside the home | 2.43 | 1.34 to 4.41 | 1.85 | 0.98 to 3.50 | ||||||
| Living in rental flat | 1.44 | 0.86 to 2.41 | ||||||||
| Smoker in the family | 1.24 | 0.65 to 2.39 | ||||||||
| Single parent | 1.15 | 0.40 to 3.33 | ||||||||
| Mother without post-upper secondary | 1.13 | 0.70 to 1.82 | ||||||||
| Father without post-upper secondary | 0.90 | 0.55 to 1.49 | ||||||||
| Either parent unemployed | 0.81 | 0.28 to 2.32 | ||||||||
| No health care education in the family | 1.51 | 0.92 to 2.51 | ||||||||
| Both parents born outside the Nordic countries | 1.98 | 0.93 to 4.20 | 2.59 | 1.07 to 6.28 | ||||||
| Perceived as infection prone | 3.60 | 2.18 to 5.93 | 2.79 | 1.52 to 5.11 | 2.00 | 1.04 to 3.83 | ||||
| High or medium level of concern about infectious illness | 4.26 | 2.51 to 7.23 | 3.76 | 2.00 to 7.07 | 3.71 | 1.96 to 7.04 | 4.01 | 1.97 to 7.97 | ||
| Inadequate antibiotics knowledge | 1.82 | 1.08 to 3.05 | ||||||||
| Symptoms lasting more than 7 days | 5.43 | 2.58 to 11.5 | 4.40 | 1.93 to 10.07 | ||||||
| Physician consultation | 36.0 | 19.1 to 67.8 | 38.2 | 18.0 to 81.2 | ||||||
Crude (univariate) odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The variables in the last step are shown in the adjusted models. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated using multiple logistic regressions with backward elimination of all variables except prescription area. Model 1 adjusting for social variables. Model 2 adjusting for variables in Model 1 and antibiotic knowledge and concern about infectious illness. Model 3 adjusting for variables in Model 2 and infectious symptoms lasting more than 7 days. Model 4 adjusting for variables in Model 3 and physician consultations.