. 2000 May;156(5):1599–1612. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65032-8

Table 1.

Primary Antibodies Used for Immunohistochemistry and Biological Significance of the Corresponding Markers

Markers	Source	Isotype	Optimal dilution	Biological significance
HEA-125	Progen Biotechnik Gmbh	IgG1 (mouse)	1:100 (APAAP) 1:50 (IF)	34-kd epithelial surface glycoprotein (egp34) biliary lineage-specific⁴² homologous to nidogen⁷²
NCAM	Dako	IgG2a (mouse)	1:20 (APAAP) 1:10 (IF)	Family of cell surface sialoglycoproteins mediating homophilic and heterophilic interactions in neuroectodermally derived tissues^25–28
EMA	Dako	IgG2a (mouse)	1:20 (APAAP) 1:10 (IF)	Group of 250–400-kd glycosylated membrane proteins, present in a variety of epithelia of both normal and neoplastic tissues⁷³; a late biliary maturation marker⁵⁷
Bcl-2	Dako	IgG1 (mouse)	1:40 (APAAP) 1:20 (IF)	Protein localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane, able to block apoptosis³⁰; it is up-regulated in processes requiring protection from apoptosis, such as metaplasia^63,64
Ki-67	Immunotech (MIB-1 clone)	IgG2a (mouse)	1:40 (IF)	Nuclear antigen associated with the cell cycle, expressed throughout all phases except G₀³⁶
LKM-1	See references 38,39	IgG (human) FITC-conjugated	Neat (IF)	P450IID6, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase localized to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum; hepatocyte-specific^40,41