Table 1. Volumes (mm3) of brain sectors, GW ratios, and statistical comparisons of deaf and hearing subjects (effect sizes, t test P value, and univariate ANOVA P value).
| Effect | t test | ANOVA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sector | Tissue | Deaf mean (SD) | Hearing mean (SD) | Mean difference (95% CI) | size | P value | P value* |
| Left temporal lobe | GM | 76,061 (8,933) | 73,714 (10,041) | 2,347 (-3,057-7,752) | 0.25 | ns | na |
| WM | 40,808 (5,760) | 39,714 (6,660) | 1,094 (-2,447-4,635) | 0.18 | ns | na | |
| Total | 116,869 (14,261) | 113,427 (16,328) | 3,441 (-5,276-12,159) | 0.23 | ns | na | |
| GW ratio | 1.87 (0.13) | 1.87 (0.12) | 0.01 (-0.07-0.08) | 0.05 | ns | na | |
| Right temporal lobe | GM | 76,186 (9,170) | 73,716 (11,000) | 2,470 (-3,289-8,228) | 0.24 | ns | na |
| WM | 40,911 (6,292) | 39,996 (7,681) | 915 (-3,078-4,908) | 0.13 | ns | na | |
| Total | 117,097 (15,165) | 113,712 (18,278) | 3,384 (-6,166-12,935) | 0.20 | ns | na | |
| GW ratio | 1.87 (0.12) | 1.86 (0.15) | 0.01 (-0.07-0.09) | 0.08 | ns | na | |
| Left STG | GM | 16,011 (2,835) | 16,099 (3,599) | -88 (-1,930-1,755) | 0.03 | ns | ns |
| WM | 5,493 (1,056) | 6,020 (1,417) | -527 (-1,237-183) | 0.42 | ns | 0.001 | |
| Total | 21,504 (3,765) | 20,588 (4,426) | -615 (-3,109-1,879) | 0.14 | ns | 0.039 | |
| GW ratio | 2.95 (0.33) | 2.69 (0.25) | 0.26 (0.9-0.43) | 0.82 | 0.003 | 0.003 | |
| Right STG | GM | 15,227 (2,838) | 13,811 (2,987) | 1,416 (-241-3,072) | 0.48 | ns | ns |
| WM | 6,809 (1,538) | 6,777 (1,498) | 429 (-832-895) | 0.02 | ns | ns | |
| Total | 22,035 (4,279) | 20,588 (4,426) | 1,447 (-1,029-3,923) | 0.33 | ns | ns | |
| GW ratio | 2.27 (0.23) | 2.04 (0.15) | 0.22 (0.11-0.33) | 1.01 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Left HG | GM | 1,901 (561) | 1,724 (398) | 177 (-99-454) | 0.36 | ns | ns |
| WM | 554 (180) | 640 (193) | -86 (-192-20) | 0.45 | ns | 0.029 | |
| Total | 2,455 (722) | 2,364 (565) | 91 (-277-460) | 0.14 | ns | ns | |
| GW ratio | 3.50 (0.56) | 2.78 (0.52) | 0.71 (0.41-1.02) | 1.11 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Right HG | GM | 1,597 (381) | 1,485 (420) | 113 (-116-341) | 0.28 | ns | ns |
| WM | 542 (164) | 636 (168) | -93 (47--188) | 0.54 | 0.053 | 0.012 | |
| Total | 2,140 (519) | 2,120 (565) | 19 (-289-328) | 0.04 | ns | ns | |
| GW ratio | 3.05 (0.56) | 2.35 (0.41) | 0.69 (0.41-0.97) | 1.15 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Left PT | GM | 3,479 (1,197) | 3,059 (1,083) | 421 (-228-1,070) | 0.37 | ns | ns |
| Right PT | GM | 2,816 (754) | 2,336 (748) | 480 (53-907) | 0.61 | 0.028 | 0.023 |
| Left STG-minus-HG | GM | 14,110 (2,464) | 14,375 (3,410) | -265 (-1,957-1,427) | 0.09 | ns | ns |
| WM | 4,939 (988) | 5,380 (1,337) | -441 (-1,110-227) | 0.37 | ns | 0.005 | |
| Total | 19,049 (3,324) | 19,755 (4,660) | -706 (-3,008-1,595) | 0.18 | ns | 0.032 | |
| GW ratio | 2.90 (0.36) | 2.69 (0.26) | 0.21 (.03-.39) | 0.65 | 0.020 | 0.021 | |
| Right STG-minus-HG | GM | 13,629 (2,622) | 12,326 (2,714) | 1,303 (-215-2,820) | 0.48 | ns | ns |
| WM | 6,266 (1,450) | 6,142 (1,387) | 125 (-682-932) | 0.09 | ns | ns | |
| Total | 19,895 (3,979) | 18,468 (4,048) | 1,428 (-855-3,710) | 0.35 | ns | ns | |
| GW ratio | 2.21 (0.22) | 2.01 (0.15) | 0.19 (0.08-0.30) | 0.90 | 0.001 | 0.000 |
CI, confidence interval; ns, not significant; na, not applicable.
*
Univariate analysis of variance, with temporal lobe volume (gray, white, or total, as appropriate) as covariable.