Fig. 4.

PCs can be transported from roots to shoots. Four-week-old plants were exposed to 20 μM CdCl₂ for 3 days in hydroponic media, and PCs were extracted from root, leaf (rosette), and stem tissues of cad1-3 (A), WT Col-0 (B), 35S/cad1-3 (35S::TaPCS1/cad1-3)(C), and Adh/cad1-3 (Adh::TaPCS1/cad1-3)(D). PC levels were measured by fluorescence HPLC. (E) Synthesized PC₂, PC₃, and PC₄ (2 μM each) PC standards were measured, and three copies of standard measurements are illustrated for easy comparison to the measured samples. PC₂, PC₃, and PC₄ peaks are indicated by arrows.