Table 1. Mouse and human genes that are known to exhibit allelic differences or allelic equivalence.
| Species/gene | Chromosome | Allelic expression | Rep. timing | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Random monoallelic | ||||
| Interleukins | ||||
| m | ||||
| Il-2 | 3 | M | A | 39 |
| Il-1a* | 2 | M | - | 42 |
| Il-4 | 11 | M | - | 44 |
| h | ||||
| IL-2 | 4 | M | - | 46 |
| X chromosome | ||||
| m | ||||
| Xist† | X | M | - | 49 |
| h | ||||
| XIST | X | M | A | 51, 52 |
| Immunoglobin loci | ||||
| m | ||||
| Igκ | 6 | M | A | 55 |
| IgL‡ | 16 | M | A | 55 |
| IgH‡ | 12 | M | A | 55 |
| TCRB | 6 | M | A | 55 |
| h | ||||
| Igκ | 2 | M | - | 61 |
| IgL‡ | 22 | M | - | 61 |
| IgH‡ | 14 | M | - | 61 |
| TCRA* | 7 | M | - | 61 |
| TCRB‡ | 14 | M | - | 61 |
| TCRD‡ | 14 | M | - | 61 |
| TCRG‡ | 7 | M | - | 71 |
| Olfactory receptors | ||||
| m | ||||
| Or10 | 14 | M | A | 60 |
| Olfr41‡ | 7 | M | A | 60 |
| Olfr72‡ | 9 | M | A | 60 |
| Ors25‡ | 7 | M | A | 60 |
| Ora16‡ | 2 | M | A | 60 |
| OrM71‡ | 9 | M | A | 60 |
| h | ||||
| OR1E1 | 17 | M | - | 61 |
| OR12D2‡ | 2 | M | - | 61 |
| OR2S2‡ | 9 | M | - | 61 |
| OR51B2‡ | 11 | M | - | 61 |
| NK receptors | ||||
| m | ||||
| Nkg2d* | 6 | M | - | 87 |
| Ly49A*‡ | 6 | M | - | 87 |
| Ly49G2*‡ | Un | M | - | 87 |
| Genes near t complex | ||||
| m | ||||
| Nubp2 | 17 | M | - | 92 |
| Igfals‡ | 17 | M | - | 92 |
| Jsap‡ | 17 | M | - | 92 |
| Imprinted | ||||
| m | ||||
| Tssc3 | 7 | M | - | 37 |
| U2af1-rs1 | 11 | M | - | 40, 41 |
| Peg3 | 7 | M | - | 43 |
| Mas1 | 17 | M | - | 45 |
| Gnas | 2 | M | - | 47 |
| Rasgrf1 | 9 | M | - | 48 |
| Ins1 | 19 | M | - | 50 |
| H19 | 7 | M | A | 41, 53 |
| Snrpn | 7 | M | A | 41, 54 |
| Igf2 | 7 | M | A | 56 |
| m | ||||
| p57(KIP2) | 7 | M | A | 57, 58 |
| Zfp127 | 7 | M | - | 59 |
| Igf2-R | 17 | M | - | 40, 41 |
| Ndn | 7 | M | - | 62 |
| Mash2 | 7 | M | - | 63 |
| h | ||||
| H19 | 11 | M | - | 64 |
| ARHI | 1 | M | - | 66 |
| MAGEL2 | 15 | M | - | 68 |
| PEG10 | 7 | M | - | 69 |
| PLAGL1 | 6 | M | - | 72 |
| ZIM2 | 19 | M | - | 73 |
| ZNF264 | 19 | M | - | 74 |
| TP73 | 1 | M | - | 75 |
| CDKN1C | 11 | M | - | 76 |
| HYMAI | 6 | M | - | 78 |
| NDN | 15 | M | - | 79 |
| NNAT | 20 | M | - | 81 |
| GRB10 | 7 | M | - | 82 |
| ZIM3 | 19 | M | - | 74 |
| GNAS1 | 20 | M | - | 84 |
| DLK1 | 14 | M | - | 85 |
| MEST | 7 | M | - | 86 |
| ZNF215* | 11 | M | - | 88 |
| UBE3A | 15 | M | - | 89 |
| ATP10C | 15 | M | - | 90 |
| IGF2 | 11 | M | - | 41, 91 |
| p57(KIP2) | 11 | M | - | 76 |
| WT1* | 11 | M | - | 93 |
| SNRPN | 15 | M | - | 94 |
| Biallelic | ||||
| m | ||||
| Cebpb | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| Edn3 | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| Chrna4 | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| E2f1 | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| Ntsr | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| Kcnb1 | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| Mc3r | 2 | B | - | 38 |
| C-mpl | 4 | - | S | 39 |
| Tmp | 6 | - | S | 55 |
| Cd2 | 3 | - | S | 55 |
| Rras | 7 | - | S | 41 |
| Alb | 5 | - | S | 41 |
| Myc | 15 | - | S | 60 |
| Pfkl | 10 | - | S | 41 |
| Trp53 | 11 | - | S | 41 |
| h | ||||
| ACTB | 7 | B | - | 65 |
| TSGA14 | 7 | B | - | 67 |
| NAP1L4 | 11 | B | - | 64 |
| IGFBP1 | 7 | B | - | 70 |
| ACHE | 7 | - | S | 41 |
| APOB | 2 | - | S | 41 |
| CD3D | 11 | - | S | 41 |
| MYC | 8 | - | S | 41 |
| TP53 | 17 | - | S | 77 |
| PYGM | 11 | - | S | 41 |
| ERBB2 | 17 | - | S | 80 |
| RB1 | 13 | - | S | 80 |
| RUNX | 21 | - | S | 83 |
m, mouse; h, human; Rep., replication.
*
Monoallelically expressed in a subset of cells.
†
Paternally imprinted in some tissues.
‡
Excluded from the analyses that involve individual representatives from each gene family (see supporting information).