Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The BMJ logoLink to The BMJ
. 1992 Nov 14;305(6863):1198–1202. doi: 10.1136/bmj.305.6863.1198

Recognition and management of depression in general practice: consensus statement.

E S Paykel 1, R G Priest 1
PMCID: PMC1883802  PMID: 1467723

Full text

PDF
1198

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bebbington P., Hurry J., Tennant C., Sturt E., Wing J. K. Epidemiology of mental disorders in Camberwell. Psychol Med. 1981 Aug;11(3):561–579. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700052879. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blackburn I. M., Bishop S., Glen A. I., Whalley L. J., Christie J. E. The efficacy of cognitive therapy in depression: a treatment trial using cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy, each alone and in combination. Br J Psychiatry. 1981 Sep;139:181–189. doi: 10.1192/bjp.139.3.181. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Blacker C. V., Clare A. W. Depressive disorder in primary care. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;150:737–751. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.737. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blashki T. G., Mowbray R., Davies B. Controlled trial of amitriptyline in general practice. Br Med J. 1971 Jan 16;1(5741):133–138. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5741.133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brodaty H., Andrews G. Brief psychotherapy in family practice. A controlled prospective intervention trial. Br J Psychiatry. 1983 Jul;143:11–19. doi: 10.1192/bjp.143.1.11. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Catalan J., Gath D. H., Anastasiades P., Bond S. A., Day A., Hall L. Evaluation of a brief psychological treatment for emotional disorders in primary care. Psychol Med. 1991 Nov;21(4):1013–1018. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700030002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Corney R. H. Marital problems and treatment outcome in depressed women. A clinical trial of social work intervention. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Nov;151:652–659. doi: 10.1192/bjp.151.5.652. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Creed F., Gowrisunkur J., Russell E., Kincey J. General practitioner referral rates to district psychiatry and psychology services. Br J Gen Pract. 1990 Nov;40(340):450–454. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Edwards J. G. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. BMJ. 1992 Jun 27;304(6843):1644–1646. doi: 10.1136/bmj.304.6843.1644. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Freeling P., Rao B. M., Paykel E. S., Sireling L. I., Burton R. H. Unrecognised depression in general practice. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1985 Jun 22;290(6485):1880–1883. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Friedman A. S. Interaction of drug therapy with marital therapy in depressive patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1975 May;32(5):619–637. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1975.01760230085007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gask L., Goldberg D., Lesser A. L., Millar T. Improving the psychiatric skills of the general practice trainee: an evaluation of a group training course. Med Educ. 1988 Mar;22(2):132–138. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1988.tb00423.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gask L., Goldberg D., Porter R., Creed F. The treatment of somatization: evaluation of a teaching package with general practice trainees. J Psychosom Res. 1989;33(6):697–703. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(89)90085-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Goldberg D. P., Steele J. J., Smith C., Spivey L. Training family doctors to recognise psychiatric illness with increased accuracy. Lancet. 1980 Sep 6;2(8193):521–523. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)91843-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hoeper E. W., Nycz G. R., Kessler L. G., Burke J. D., Jr, Pierce W. E. The usefulness of screening for mental illness. Lancet. 1984 Jan 7;1(8367):33–35. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)90192-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Holden J. M., Sagovsky R., Cox J. L. Counselling in a general practice setting: controlled study of health visitor intervention in treatment of postnatal depression. BMJ. 1989 Jan 28;298(6668):223–226. doi: 10.1136/bmj.298.6668.223. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Jablensky A. Prediction of the course and outcome of depression. Psychol Med. 1987 Feb;17(1):1–9. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700012915. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Johnson D. A. Depression: treatment compliance in general practice. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1981;290:447–453. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00751.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Johnstone A., Goldberg D. Psychiatric screening in general practice. A controlled trial. Lancet. 1976 Mar 20;1(7960):605–608. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90415-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. KESSEL N. Who ought to see a psychiatrist? Lancet. 1963 May 18;1(7290):1092–1095. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(63)92128-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kaeser A. C., Cooper B. The psychiatric patient, the general practitioner, and the outpatient clinic: an operational study and a review. Psychol Med. 1971 Aug;1(4):312–325. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700042288. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. MacDonald A. J. Do general practitioners "miss" depression in elderly patients? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986 May 24;292(6532):1365–1367. doi: 10.1136/bmj.292.6532.1365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Marks J. N., Goldberg D. P., Hillier V. F. Determinants of the ability of general practitioners to detect psychiatric illness. Psychol Med. 1979 May;9(2):337–353. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700030853. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Millar T., Goldberg D. P. Link between the ability to detect and manage emotional disorders: a study of general practitioner trainees. Br J Gen Pract. 1991 Sep;41(350):357–359. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Paykel E. S., DiMascio A., Klerman G. L., Prusoff B. A., Weissman M. M. Maintenance therapy of depression. Pharmakopsychiatr Neuropsychopharmakol. 1976 May;9(3):127–139. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1094487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Paykel E. S., Hollyman J. A., Freeling P., Sedgwick P. Predictors of therapeutic benefit from amitriptyline in mild depression: a general practice placebo-controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 1988 Jan-Feb;14(1):83–95. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(88)90075-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Paykel E. S. Treatment of depression. The relevance of research for clinical practice. Br J Psychiatry. 1989 Dec;155:754–763. doi: 10.1192/bjp.155.6.754. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Prusoff B. A., Weissman M. M., Klerman G. L., Rounsaville B. J. Research diagnostic criteria subtypes of depression. Their role as predictors of differential response to psychotherapy and drug treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980 Jul;37(7):796–801. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780200074008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rand E. H., Badger L. W., Coggins D. R. Toward a resolution of contradictions. Utility of feedback from the GHQ. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1988 May;10(3):189–196. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(88)90018-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Rorsman B., Gräsbeck A., Hagnell O., Lanke J., Ohman R., Ojesjö L., Otterbeck L. A prospective study of first-incidence depression. The Lundby study, 1957-72. Br J Psychiatry. 1990 Mar;156:336–342. doi: 10.1192/bjp.156.3.336. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Ross M., Scott M. An evaluation of the effectiveness of individual and group cognitive therapy in the treatment of depressed patients in an inner city health centre. J R Coll Gen Pract. 1985 May;35(274):239–242. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Scott A. I., Freeman C. P. Edinburgh primary care depression study: treatment outcome, patient satisfaction, and cost after 16 weeks. BMJ. 1992 Apr 4;304(6831):883–887. doi: 10.1136/bmj.304.6831.883. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Shapiro S., German P. S., Skinner E. A., VonKorff M., Turner R. W., Klein L. E., Teitelbaum M. L., Kramer M., Burke J. D., Jr, Burns B. J. An experiment to change detection and management of mental morbidity in primary care. Med Care. 1987 Apr;25(4):327–339. doi: 10.1097/00005650-198704000-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sireling L. I., Paykel E. S., Freeling P., Rao B. M., Patel S. P. Depression in general practice: case thresholds and diagnosis. Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Aug;147:113–119. doi: 10.1192/bjp.147.2.113. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Teasdale J. D., Fennell M. J., Hibbert G. A., Amies P. L. Cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder in primary care. Br J Psychiatry. 1984 Apr;144:400–406. doi: 10.1192/bjp.144.4.400. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Thomson J., Rankin H., Ashcroft G. W., Yates C. M., McQueen J. K., Cummings S. W. The treatment of depression in general practice: a comparison of L-tryptophan, amitriptyline, and a combination of L-tryptophan and amitriptyline with placebo. Psychol Med. 1982 Nov;12(4):741–751. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700049047. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Vaughan P. J. Developments in psychiatric day care. Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Jul;147:1–4. doi: 10.1192/bjp.147.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Weissman M. M., Leaf P. J., Tischler G. L., Blazer D. G., Karno M., Bruce M. L., Florio L. P. Affective disorders in five United States communities. Psychol Med. 1988 Feb;18(1):141–153. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700001975. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Whewell P. J., Gore V. A., Leach C. Training general practitioners to improve their recognition of emotional disturbance in the consultation. J R Coll Gen Pract. 1988 Jun;38(311):259–262. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Williams P., Skuse D. Depressive thoughts in general practice attenders. Psychol Med. 1988 May;18(2):469–475. doi: 10.1017/s003329170000800x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Wright A. F., Perini A. F. Hidden psychiatric illness: use of the general health questionnaire in general practice. J R Coll Gen Pract. 1987 Apr;37(297):164–167. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Zung W. W., Magill M., Moore J. T., George D. T. Recognition and treatment of depression in a family medicine practice. J Clin Psychiatry. 1983 Jan;44(1):3–6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from BMJ : British Medical Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES