Table 4.

Pharmacokinetic parameters after a single dose of betaine in patients with homocystinuria

Parameter	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3
Age (years)	5.8	10.2	25.5
Body weight (kg)	22	40	91
Height (cm)	114	142	183
Cmax (data) (mmol l−1)	0.506	0.556	1.176
Cmax (model) (mmol l−1)	0.466	0.506	1.070
tmax (data) (h)	1.20	2.00	0.88
tmax (model) (h)	1.00	2.06	0.93
AUC(0, 24 h) (mmol l−1 h)	1.321	3.491	4.215
AUC(0, ∞) (mmol l−l h)	1.450	4.230	4.810
t1/2,abs (h)	0.46	1.22	0.37
t1/2,λ1 (h)	0.46	1.22	0.37
t1/2,z (h)	6.63	23.23	9.70
MRT (h)	5.81	18.70	11.10
CL/F* (l h−1 kg−1)	0.297	0.102	0.089
VSS/F* (l kg−1)	1.726	1.907	0.992

C_max, maximum plasma concentrations; t_max, times of C_max; AUC, areas under the plasma concentration/time curve; t_1/2;_λ1, half,life of absorption; t_1/2;_λ1, half,life of distribution; t_1/2;z, half,life of elimination; MRT, Mean residence time; CL/F, total oral plasma drug clearance; V_SS/F, volume of distribution at steady,state after oral application.

^*Assuming 100% bioavailability.