Table 3.

Ipratropium bromide dose–response.

Dose (mcg)	10% change(95% CI)	20% change(95% CI)	100% change(95% CI)	200% change(95% CI)	Within day change (%)mean(95% CI)
(a) Healthy subjects
sGaw 3	9.1	14.2	17.3	16.9	2.3
	(2.7–15.5)	(7.8–20.6)	(5.2–29.4)	(5.8–28)	(−12.2–16.8)
sGaw 10/6	10.5	15.2*	17.6*	18.7*	−0.23
	(5.6–14.9)	(8.3–22.1)	(7.2–28)	(8.4–29.0)	(−8.4–8)
R5	−7.9**	−7.6*	−13*	−9.5	7.0
	(−13.2–2.6)	(−13.7–0.5)	(−22.8–3.2)	(−22.5–3.5)	(1.9–12.1)
R20	−6.4*	−6.7*	−12.0*	−10.4	6.0
	(−11.4–1.4)	(−14.0–0.6)	(−20.9–3.1)	(−23.1–2.3)	(−1.1–11.9)
X5	−8.1	−12.8	−13.9	−11.2	−0.4
	(−13.7–2.5)	(−19.9–5.7)	(−22.4–5.4)	(−18.7–3.7)	(−9.7–8.9)
RF	5.2	7.4	7.3	2.3	−0.2
	(1.5–8.9)	(1.3–13.5)	(0.2–14.4)	(−6.4–11.0)	(−7.8–7.4)
FEV1	1.3*	2.6**	3.3**	4.3**	0.7
	(0.3–2.3)	(1.1–4.1)	(1.2–5.4)	(2.1–6.5)	(−0.4–1.8)
MMEF	3.3	11.0**	14.2***	18.5***	4.4
	(−3.8–10.4)	(3.1–18.9)	(5.5–22.9)	(11.6–25.4)	(−3.3–12.1)
(b) Mild asthma
sGaw 3	25.6**	44.8**	38.3**	45.0*	−0.8
	(11.1–40.1)	(19.4–70.1)	(17.9–58.6)	(19.5–70.5)	(−8.6–7.0)
sGaw 10/6	22.4**	41.7**	35.5**	40.5*	−0.4
	(11.8–33.0)	(20.2–63.2)	(14.0–56.9)	(15.3–65.6)	(−6.6–5.8)
R5	−11.3*	−18.9**	−19.2**	−20.1**	−3.0
	(−15.5–7.2)	(−24.3–13.6)	(−26.1–12.3)	(−26.7–13.4)	(−8.7–2.7)
R20	−6.9	−13.6*	−14.3*	−15.1*	−0.9
	(−11.2–2.6)	(−17.3–9.9)	(−20.3–8.3)	(−20.6–9.6)	(−8.1–6.2)
X5	−12.4	−16.7	−17.7	−18.8	−12.3
	(−18.5–6.3)	(−25.6–7.9)	(−30.7–4.7)	(−29.6–7.9)	(−19.8–4.9)
RF	11.7*	16.6*	17.8*	19.2*	−3.7
	(6.1–16.3)	(9.5–23.8)	(9.3–26.4)	(10.1–28.3)	(−8.3–1.0)
FEV1	5.1*	8.4*	10.0*	8.4*	−0.3
	(2.7–7.6)	(5.0–11.9)	(6.1–14.0)	(4.5–12.4)	(−2.2–1.5)
MMEF	12.3*	27.6***	29.8***	32.1***	3.2
	(2.3–22.2)	(16.2–38.9)	(19.1–40.5)	(22.7–41.4)	(−1.8–8.1)

Data is mean percentage change from baseline (95% confidence interval). Significant changes compared to variability are denoted by:

^*P ≤ 0.05;

^**P ≤ 0.01;

^***P ≤ 0.001.