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. 1998 Jan 1;111(1):139–160. doi: 10.1085/jgp.111.1.139

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Equivalent electrical cell/circuit. Adjacent proximal tubule cells are outlined as dashed lines, and the equivalent circuit discussed in the text is diagrammed on the left. The basolateral membrane potential is denoted by voltage source V_bl. The current produced by the Na,K-ATPase pump, I_net ^pump is given by I_Na ^pump + I_K ^pump. Basolateral ion channel currents are shown as their Thévenin equivalents with their conductances, G_K ^bl and G_Cl ^bl, represented by the equivalent resistor, in series with their Nernst potentials, E_K and E_Cl, respectively. The paracellular current, I_total ^shunt is represented by I_Na ^shunt + I_Cl ^shunt. R_A is the resistance of the apical membrane. Kirchoff's current law at Node A is given by Eq. 11.