Lysates are from the vastus lateralis muscle before and after exercise for A, 20 min (n = 11); B, 120 s (n = 9) and C, 30 s (n = 10). AMPK α1 (α1/β2/γ1), α2 (α2/β2/γ1 + α2/β2/γ3) or β2 α1/β2/γ1 + α2/β2/γ1 + α2/β2/γ3) were immunoprecipitated from 200 μg of lysate, and activity against the AMARA peptide was measured in the presence of 200 μm AMP. Results are means ±s.e.m., *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001, significant differences between rest and exercise.