TABLE 4.
OR (95% CI)* |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted Associations | Multivariate Models Incorporating Putative Mediators |
||||
Social Connection | Friends’ Substance Use | Sensation-Seeking | All Mediators | ||
Pubertal stage | |||||
Early | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Mid | 2.0 (1.3–3.2) | 1.8 (1.2–2.9) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) |
Late | 3.5 (2.2–5.4) | 2.9 (1.8–4.7) | 2.3 (1.5–3.0) | 2.8 (1.7–4.5) | 2.0 (1.3–3.2) |
Age | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) |
School grade level | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) |
Family connection | 0.45 (0.39–0.51) | 0.60 (0.50–0.71) | 0.80 (0.68–0.97) | ||
School connection | 0.25 (0.20–0.31) | 0.37 (0.28–0.48) | 0.76 (0.56–1.02) | ||
Friends’ substance use | 3.6 (3.2–4.0) | 3.5 (3.2–3.9) | 2.8 (2.5–3.2) | ||
Sensation-seeking | 2.1 (1.9–2.3) | 2.0 (1.9–2.2) | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) |
All models were adjusted for country and gender as well as age and grade level.