Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics
| Mitral Annular Calcium | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Entire Cohort (N=419) |
Yes (N=94) |
No (N=325) |
P Value |
| Age* (years) | 59(17-92) | 72(35-92) | 55(17-88) | <0.001 |
| Female | 47.3% | 48.9% | 46.8% | 0.711 |
| Hypertension | 54.5% | 83.3% | 45.8% | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 16.4% | 23.6% | 14.2% | 0.035 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 40.7% | 60.0% | 34.7% | <0.001 |
| Body mass index* (kg/m2) | 25.3(14.1-52.5) | 25.4(17.2-52.5) | 25.2(14.1-52.5) | 0.695 |
| Current smoker | 18.0% | 20.5% | 17.3% | 0.503 |
| Renal insufficiency | 4.1% | 7.4% | 3.1% | 0.074 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 7.3% | 12.5% | 5.8% | 0.034 |
| Heart failure | 3.9% | 4.5% | 3.7% | 0.756 |
| Prior stroke or transient ischemic attack |
23.2% | 31.5% | 20.7% | 0.036 |
| Previous or new atrial fibrillation | 8.8% | 18.1% | 6.2% | <0.001 |
| History of venous thromboembolism | 2.6% | 3.2% | 2.5% | 0.716 |
| Hypercoagulable state | 6.0% | 9.6% | 4.9% | 0.094 |
| Recent endovascular intervention | 0.2% | 1.1% | 0% | 0.224 |
| Cerebrovascular Events | ||||
| Transient ischemic attack | 24.1% | 19.5% | 25.4% | 0.260 |
| Anterior circulation stroke | 55.7% | 59.1% | 54.7% | 0.469 |
| Cortical infarct | 46.1% | 55.8% | 43.2% | 0.040 |
| Hemorrhagic transformation | 7.2% | 6.9% | 7.3% | 0.894 |
| Multiple vascular territories | 26.7% | 25.5% | 27.1% | 0.766 |
| Carotid stenosis | 12.8% | 28.8% | 8.4% | <0.001 |
| Intracranial stenosis | 8.5% | 17.0% | 6.3% | 0.024 |
| Vertebrobasilar stenosis | 5.9% | 7.3% | 5.6% | 0.748 |
| Ipsilateral stenosis | 4.3% | 9.6% | 2.8% | 0.008 |
| Disabling (Modified Rankin Scale>2) | 37.0% | 52.3% | 32.4% | 0.001 |
*
Median(range)