. 2003 Dec;163(6):2459–2476. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63601-2

Table 2.

Relative Immunostaining Intensity of TGF-β Ligands in Wounded and Non-Wounded Fetal Skin

After injury	12 hours				24 hours				36 hours				48 hours				72 hours
TGF-β1	W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C
TGF-β1	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19
Epidermis
Migrating epi.	++	++	N/A	N/A	+++	+++	N/A	N/A	++	+++	N/A	N/A	+	+++	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Outer layer	++	++	+	+	+++	+++	+	+	++	+++	++	++	+	++	+	++	+	++	+	+
Basal layer	++	++	+	+	+++	+++	−	+	++	+++	+++	++	+	++	+	+	+	++	−	−
Dermis
ECM	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+	+	++	+	+	+	++	+	++	+	+	−	+
Fibroblasts	++	+	−	+	++	++	+	+	+	++	+	+	+	++	+	+	−	+	+	+
Inflammatory cells^*	+	++	+	+	+++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	++	+	+	+	+
Hair follicles	N/A	N/A	+	−	N/A	N/A	+	+	N/A	N/A	+	+	N/A	N/A	−	+	+	N/A	+	+

After injury	12 hours				24 hours				36 hours				48 hours				72 hours
TGF-β2	W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C
TGF-β2	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19
Epidermis
Migrating epi.	++	+	N/A	N/A	+++	++	N/A	N/A	++	+++	N/A	N/A	+	++	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Outer layer	++	+	++	+	+++	++	++	+	++	+++	+	++	+	++	+	++	++	++	+	++
Basal layer	++	+	++	+	+++	++	+	+	++	+++	++	++	+	++	−	++	++	++	++	++
Dermis
ECM	−	+	−	+	−	++	−	+	+	+	+	+	+	++	+	++	−	+	−	+
Fibroblasts	−	+	−	+	+	++	−	−	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	−	+	−	−
Inflammatory cells^*	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+	+	++	+	+
Hair follicles	N/A	N/A	+	+	N/A	N/A	+	+	N/A	N/A	+	+	N/A	N/A	+	+	+	N/A	+	+

After injury	12 hours				24 hours				36 hours				48 hours				72 hours
TGF-β3	W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C		W		C
TGF-β3	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19	E16	E19
Epidermis
Migrating epi.	+	++	N/A	N/A	++	+	N/A	N/A	++	++	N/A	N/A	++	+++	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Outer layer	+	++	+	+	++	+	+	+	++	++	+	++	++	+++	++	+	++	+	++	+
Basal layer	+	++	+	+	++	+	+	+	++	++	+	+	++	+++	++	−	+	+	++	−
Dermis
ECM	−	+	−	+	++	+	+	+	++	+	+	+	+	++	+	++	+	+	+	+
Fibroblasts	++	−	+	−	++	−	−	−	++	+	−	+	+	++	+	+	+	−	+	−
Inflammatory cells^*	+	++	+	+	+++	+	+	+	+++	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Hair follicles	N/A	N/A	−	−	N/A	N/A	+	−	N/A	N/A	+	−	N/A	N/A	+	+	+	N/A	+	+

W, Wound; C, Control; N/A, not applicable; −, no staining (<5%); +, minimal staining (<25%); ++, moderate staining (25% to 50%); +++, strong staining (>50%). Peak expression time points for a given tissue component are highlighted for wounded E16 (bold) and E19 (underlined) animals.

*In general, non-wounded control skin and E16-wounded fetuses contained very few inflammatory cells. The chart reflects the intensity of intracellular TGF-β staining and not the actual number of inflammatory cells present.