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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2007 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2003 Jul 23;424(6949):685–689. doi: 10.1038/nature01887.

Figure 4.

Figure 4

ZIF-1 may function as a substrate-recruitment factor for an elongin C/CUL-2 E3 ubiquitin ligase. a, Yeasts expressing ZIF-1, or ZIF-1 with a SOCS mutation, and elongin C or PIE-1 as indicated. Growth indicates interaction. b, Diagram after ref. 28 depicting ECS ligase with its associated E2, substrate-recruitment subunits (ZIF-1/VHL) and substrates (PIE-1/HIF1α). c, Four-cell embryos expressing GFP::PIE-1ZF1 or GFP::PGL-1 and partially depleted by RNAi for the indicated genes. Visualization of PGL-1 and GFP::PIE-1ZF1 in the same cul-2(RNAi) embryos confirmed that partial cul-2 depletion blocks degradation without affecting overall polarity (data not shown). d, Live embryos (outlined) expressing GFP::ZIF-1, driven by the pie-1 promoter (Methods), in wild-type mothers or mothers exposed to cul-2 or cul-3 double-stranded RNA. Punctate fluorescence below the embryos is gut autofluorescence from the mother.