Table 1.
Comparison of apoptosis, necrosis and paraptosis
| Apoptosis | Necrosis | Paraptosis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Morphology | |||
| Nuclear fragmentation | + | − | − |
| Chromatin condensation | + | − | ± |
| Apoptotic bodies | + | − | − |
| Cytoplasmic vacuolation | − | + | + |
| Mitochondrial swelling | Sometimes | + | Late |
| Genomic effect | |||
| TUNEL | + | Usually − | − |
| Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation | + | − | − |
| Caspase activity | |||
| DEVD-cleaving activity | + | − | − |
| Caspase-3 processing | + | − | − |
| PARP cleavage | + (85-kDa fragment) | + (50- to 62-kDa fragments) | − |
| Inhibition by: | |||
| zVAD.fmk | + | − | − |
| BAF | + | − | − |
| p35 | + | − | − |
| xiap | + | − | − |
| Bcl-xL | + | Usually − | − |
| Actinomycin D | Sometimes | − | + |
| Cycloheximide | Sometimes | − | + |
DEVD, Asp-Glu-Val-Asp; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.