Table 3.

2002 TNM Classification of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Primary Tumor (T)
T1a	Tumor 4 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney
T1b	Tumor more than 4 cm but not more than 7 cm in greatest dimension,
	limited to the kidney
T2	Tumor more than 7 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney
T3a	Tumor directly invades adrenal gland or perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but
	not beyond Gerota’s fascia
T3b	Tumor grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle-containing)
	branches, or the vena cava below the diaphragm
T3c	Tumor grossly extends into the vena cava above the diaphragm or invades the
	wall of the vena cava
T4	Tumor invades beyond Gerota’s fascia
Regional Lymph Nodes (N)
N0	No regional lymph node metastasis
N1	Metastasis in a single regional lymph node
N2	Metastasis in more than 1 regional lymph node
Distant Metastasis (M)
M0	No distant metastasis
M1	Distant metastasis

From American Joint Committee on Cancer.²⁴