Table 2.
Frailty model parameter estimates for the stratified data sets during 3- and 5-year observation periods
| Data |
Parameter estimates |
Deviance (Dev) statistics |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study periods and groups | Obs. | α | 95% C.I. | β per year | 95% C.I. | δ | 95% C.I. | ε per year | 95% C.I. | Dev | Dev,* mean (SD) | P value |
| Men | ||||||||||||
| 3-year | ||||||||||||
| 18–29 y | 270 | 5.7 | 2.0–6.0 | 0.83 | 0.75–1.70 | 0.52 | 0.35–0.61 | 0.95 | 0.64–1.02 | 129.9 | 120.7 (12.1) | 0.2246 |
| 30–39 y | 328 | 1.5 | 1.1–3.0 | 0.26 | 0.19–0.33 | 0.66 | 0.50–0.85 | 0.63 | 0.48–0.81 | 127.4 | 123.7 (13.5) | 0.3906 |
| 40–49 y | 329 | 4.5 | 2.0–16.1 | 0.13 | 0.09–1.17 | 0.80 | 0.56–0.95 | 0.60 | 0.46–0.78 | 78.8 | 73.9 (9.8) | 0.3071 |
| Single | 301 | 11.5 | 7.0–27.0 | 1.26 | 1.00–1.58 | 0.50 | 0.40–0.59 | 1.24 | 1.08–1.43 | 172.3 | 141.8 (13.1) | 0.0101 |
| Cohab | 625 | 1.2 | 0.8–2.6 | 0.14 | 0.11–0.17 | 0.67 | 0.42–0.87 | 0.35 | 0.27–0.45 | 98.5 | 92.3 (12.1) | 0.3054 |
| 5-year | ||||||||||||
| 18–29 y | 260 | 3.4 | 2.0–5.5 | 1.13 | 0.74–1.72 | 0.48 | 0.35–0.60 | 0.77 | 0.64–0.94 | 181.4 | 165.0 (13.8) | 0.1189 |
| 30–39 y | 328 | 1.3 | 0.9–2.1 | 0.13 | 0.08–0.20 | 0.63 | 0.48–0.77 | 0.49 | 0.37–0.63 | 192.5 | 179.2 (15.5) | 0.1965 |
| 40–49 y | 328 | 1.8 | 1.1–3.1 | 0.08 | 0.05–0.12 | 0.65 | 0.44–0.83 | 0.47 | 0.34–0.63 | 111.6 | 103.1 (11.7) | 0.2335 |
| Single | 292 | 7.6 | 5.0–13.0 | 1.26 | 0.90–1.77 | 0.46 | 0.37–0.55 | 1.10 | 0.93–1.28 | 224.9 | 207.4 (14.9) | 0.1191 |
| Cohab | 623 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.6 | 0.10 | 0.07–0.13 | 0.63 | 0.43–0.78 | 0.26 | 0.20–0.34 | 145.3 | 137.5 (14.9) | 0.2993 |
| Women | ||||||||||||
| 3-year | ||||||||||||
| 18–29 y | 434 | 4.5 | 2.5–16.2 | 0.46 | 0.37–0.57 | 0.64 | 0.51–0.79 | 0.62 | 0.52–0.72 | 76.5 | 87.1 (11.2) | 0.8270 |
| 30–39 y | 426 | 1.6 | 1.6–3.5 | 0.12 | 0.09–0.16 | 0.36 | 0.13–0.62 | 0.71 | 0.55–0.89 | 59.8 | 60.8 (10.1) | 0.5401 |
| 40–49 y | 357 | 3.3 | 1.6–17.0 | 0.12 | 0.08–0.16 | 0.50 | 0.20–0.77 | 0.62 | 0.47–0.82 | 32.3 | 39.5 (8.1) | 0.8105 |
| Single | 361 | 5.5 | 3.1–13.2 | 1.33 | 1.05–1.74 | 0.32 | 0.19–0.46 | 1.14 | 0.98–1.32 | 86.8 | 84.6 (11.2) | 0.4215 |
| Cohab | 850 | 5.5 | 2.0–15.5 | 0.09 | 0.07–0.11 | 0.56 | 0.34–0.84 | 0.30 | 0.24–0.35 | 51.9 | 39.4 (8.0) | 0.0574 |
| 5-year | ||||||||||||
| 18–29 y | 422 | 1.8 | 1.3–3.0 | 0.64 | 0.45–0.86 | 0.60 | 0.49–0.73 | 0.45 | 0.35–0.55 | 112.6 | 131.8 (13.9) | 0.9164 |
| 30–39 y | 416 | 1.5 | 0.9–2.8 | 0.07 | 0.04–0.11 | 0.57 | 0.31–0.80 | 0.42 | 0.30–0.59 | 67.2 | 79.4 (11.3) | 0.8601 |
| 40–49 y | 349 | 1.2 | 0.7–3.6 | 0.08 | 0.05–0.11 | 0.36 | 0.09–0.69 | 0.50 | 0.35–0.71 | 56.7 | 52.4 (9.5) | 0.3232 |
| Single | 346 | 4.5 | 2.6–8.9 | 1.96 | 1.32–3.02 | 0.38 | 0.25–0.50 | 0.92 | 0.77–1.10 | 125.1 | 126.2 (13.4) | 0.0082 |
| Cohab | 835 | 2.1 | 1.2–15.5 | 0.06 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.60 | 0.40–0.80 | 0.19 | 0.14–0.24 | 75.8 | 63.7 (10.2) | 0.1175 |
Analysis of data sets stratified by civil status and age. The data are separated into classes of single individuals living alone and those cohabitating (cohab) during the previous 1-year time period before the study ended. The age-stratified data sets were constructed by grouping the sample population into three 10-year age cohorts based on age by the end of the survey. The δ exponents are found to be distinctly sublinear. The parameter estimates β and ε are significantly increased for persons living singly and among young men between the ages of 18 and 29, whereas these baseline parameters are reduced for people in a live-in relationship. Lt, lifetime; Obs., observations.
*Sample of deviance generated from bootstrapping the data.