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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychologia. 2007 Apr 8;45(7):1553–1570. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.12.002

Table 5.

Spelling to dictation (PALPA 31 words)

Dyslexic-1 Dyslexic-2 Dysphasic-2 Dysphasic-1
Items correct .14 .23 .26 .15
Semantic error .08 .01 .03 .06
Morphological/derivational 0 0 .01 .00
Phonological/visual: close .24 .23 .26 .35
Phonological/visual: distant .31 .24 .15 .01
Unrelated .08 0 .03 0
Omission .16 .30 .26 .43
Phonological/unrelated errors:
Words .14 .06 .04 .11
Nonwords .41 .31 .34 .30

N = 80 items. Responses are expressed as a proportion of trials.