Table 1.
Changes in gene expression following acute inflammation and drug treatments in a clinical model of tissue injury identified by Affymetrix microarray analysis
| Gene symbol | Gene Title | Placebo | Ibuprofen | Rofecoxib |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA pathway | ||||
| ALOX12B | arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type | −11 * | −4 * | −3 |
| ALOX15B | arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, second type | −1 | −2 | 3 ‡ |
| ALOXE3 | arachidonate lipoxygenase 3 | −6 * | −8 * | −2 |
| PLA2G2A | phospholipase A2, group IIA | 31 * | 22 * | 11 * |
| ANXA1 | Annexin A1 | 3 * | 3 * | 4 * |
| ANXA3 | annexin A3 | 2 | 4 * | 6 *† |
| SOD2 | superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial | 2 | 4 * | 8 * |
| HPGD | Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD) | −2 | −9 * | −16 *† |
|
| ||||
| Inflammation/Pain | ||||
| DEFB4 | defensin, beta 4 | 1 | 3 * | 11 *† |
| NLF1 | Nuclear localized factor 1 | 2 | 8 | 9 * |
| IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | 4 | 6 * | 7 * |
| IL1A | interleukin 1, alpha | 3 * | 1 † | 3 * |
| IL1RN | interleukin 1 receptor antagonist | 2 | 1 | 4 *‡ |
| SERPINA3 | serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3 | −1 | 3 | 5 † |
| SCD | stearoyl-CoA desaturase (delta-9-desaturase) | −2 | −3 | 5 *† ‡ |
| CCL2 | chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 * |
| C3 | complement component 3 | 14 * | 7 * | 2 † |
| F3 | coagulation factor III (thromboplastin, tissue factor) | 3 * | 1 † | 2 |
| FABP4 | Fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte | 5 | −2 † | −2 † |
| AOX1 | aldehyde oxidase 1 | 3 * | 2 | −1 † |
| PIK4CA | phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide | 1 | −1 | −4 *† |
| COLEC12 | Collectin sub-family member 12 | 2 | 2 | −4 *† |
| CLU | clusterin (complement lysis inhibitor) | 3 * | 5 * | 1 † ‡ |
| NQO1 | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 | −2 | −6 * | −1 ‡ |
| NOS1 | Nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) | −32 * | −24 * | −39 * |
| CACNA2D3 | calcium channel, voltage-dependent alpha 2/delta 3 subunit | −3 * | −4 * | −11 *† |
| CX3CL1 | chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 | −2 | −3 * | −9 * |
| CXCL1 | chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 | 2 | 2 | 13 * |
| IGKV | immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-5 | −4 | −24 * | −13 |
| IGKC | immunoglobulin kappa constant | −7 | −28 * | −11 |
| IGLC1 | immunoglobulin lambda constant 1 | −8 | −33 * | −21 |
| IGHG3 | immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 | −13 | −25 * | −10 |
| IGLJ3 | immunoglobulin lambda joining 3 | −12 | −56 * | −23 |
| IGL@ | immunoglobulin lambda locus | −22 | −43 * | −21 |
|
| ||||
| Cell adhesion/Proteolysis | ||||
| CDH3 | cadherin 3, type 1, P-cadherin (placental) | 1 | 3 * | 5 *† |
| MLLT4 | myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia; 4 | 1 | −1 | 4 *‡ |
| IBRDC2 | IBR domain containing 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 *† ‡ |
| TRIM17 | tripartite motif-containing 17 | 1 | −1 | 4 *‡ |
| TFRC | transferrin receptor (p90, CD71) | 1 | −2 | 3 ‡ |
| TNC | tenascin C (hexabrachion) | −1 | 3 *† | 3 *† |
| CRISP3 | cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 | 30 * | 7 | 2 † |
| ITGBL1 | integrin, beta-like 1 (with EGF-like repeat domains) | −5 | −8 * | −24 * |
| COL11A1 | collagen, type XI, alpha 1 (undulin) | −18 | −26 * | −15 |
| DSC1 | desmocollin 1 | −23 | −29 * | −37 * |
| CDSN | corneodesmosin | −32 | −58 * | −33 * |
| TMPRSS4 | transmembrane protease, serine 4 | 6 * | 6 * | 25 * |
| OSF-2 | Periostin, osteoblast specific factor | −3 | −2 | −15 * |
| NAALADL2 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1 | −2 | −2 | −9 *† ‡ |
| COL14A1 | collagen, type XIV, alpha 1 (undulin) | −2 | −3 | −7 *† |
| CDH2 | cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal) | −2 | −1 | −6 *‡ |
| ANXA9 | annexin A9 | 1 | −3 *† | −6 *† |
| TSPAN-2 | tetraspanin 2 | 1 | 2 | −4 *† ‡ |
| CSPG2 | chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 2 (versican) | 1 | −1 | −4 † |
| NFASC | neurofascin | −1 | −2 | −4 *† ‡ |
| HGF | hepatocyte growth factor | 2 | 2 | −4 *† ‡ |
| LY9 | lymphocyte antigen 9 | 2 | −3 *† | −2 |
| ADAMTS8 | ADAM metallopeptidase, thrombospondin type 1 | 1 | 3 * | −1 ‡ |
|
| ||||
| Apoptosis/Angiogenesis | ||||
| CEACAM1 | carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 | 6 * | 3 * | 14 * |
| FAF1 | Fas (TNFRSF6) associated factor 1 | −1 | −2 | 3 ‡ |
| MAL | mal, T−cell differentiation protein | 4 * | 1 † | 1 † |
| ANGPTL1 | angiopoietin-like 1 | 1 | −1 | −21 *† |
| ANGPT1 | angiopoietin 1 | −2 | −2 | −5 *† |
| LTBR | lymphotoxin beta receptor (TNFR superfamily) | 1 | −3 *† | −1 |
| FAIM2 | Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 | −2 | −3 | −13 *† |
|
| ||||
| Signal Transduction | ||||
| GPR110 | G protein-coupled receptor 110 | 4 * | 3 | 13 * |
| SOCS3 | suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 | 3 * | 6 * | 11 *† |
| STAT3 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 * |
| LMX1A | LIM homeobox transcription factor 1, alpha | 1 | 2 | 4 *† ‡ |
| PML | promyelocytic leukemia | 1 | 4 * | 5 *† |
| TEAD4 | TEA domain family member 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 *† |
| GPR126 | G protein-coupled receptor 126 | −2 | −3 | 4 ‡ |
| FLNB | filamin B, beta (actin binding protein 278) | 1 | 2 | 3 *† |
| NPAS3 | neuronal PAS domain protein 3 | −4 * | 2 | 3 † |
| PYY | peptide YY | 4 * | −2 † | 2 |
| MAD | MAX dimerization protein 1 | 4 * | 2 † | 2 |
| FOSB | FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B | −2 | 3 *† | 1 |
| SH2D1A | SH2 domain protein 1A, Duncan's disease | 7 * | 2 | −1 † |
| MTA2 | metastasis associated 1 family, member 2 | 4 * | 2 † | −1 † |
| INSM1 | insulinoma-associated 1 | −6 * | −2 † | −2 † |
| LIFR | leukemia inhibitory factor receptor | 1 | −1 | −3 *† |
| ETV5 | Ets variant gene 5 (ets-related molecule) | 2 | 1 | −4 † ‡ |
| RORC | RAR-related orphan receptor C | 1 | 1 | −4 *† ‡ |
| PARG1 | Rho GTPase activating protein 29 | 2 | 1 | −4 *† ‡ |
| RASA1 | RAS p21 protein activator 1 | −1 | −1 | −4 * |
| PTGER3 | Prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3) | −2 | −3 * | −4 *† |
| GATA3 | GATA binding protein 3 | 2 | −2 | −5 *† |
| MEF2C | MADS box transcription enhancer factor 2 polypeptide C | −1 | 1 | −5 *‡ |
| EPHB6 | EPH receptor B6 | −2 | −3 * | −5 *† |
| MGC13105 | zinc finger protein | −1 | −2 | −6 *† ‡ |
| KLF12 | Kruppel-like factor 12 | −1 | 1 | −6 *‡ |
| MBTD1 | mbt domain containing 1 | −1 | −1 | −7 *† ‡ |
| NPR2 | natriuretic peptide receptor B/guanylate cyclase B | 1 | −2 | −7 *† |
| FOXD1 | forkhead box D1 | 1 | −1 | −10 *† ‡ |
| MEOX2 | mesenchyme homeo box 2 | −2 | −4 | −12 *† |
| EPHA3 | EPH receptor A3 | −2 | −2 | −13 *† ‡ |
| PRRX1 | Paired related homeobox 1 | −2 | −2 | −13 * |
| MAPRE2 | Microtubule-associated protein, RP/EB family | −3 | −7 * | −16 *† |
| FRZB | frizzled-related protein | −8 * | −5 * | −26 *‡ |
The values are expressed as mean fold changes (n = 6 per treatment).
*
p< 0.05, compared between post- vs pre-surgery in each treatment group;
†
p < 0.05, vs placebo group;
‡
p < 0.05, vs ibuprofen group.