Table 3.

Multivariable predictors of incidence of sedentary lifestyle from pre-pregnancy to 6months after pregnancy (n =794) ^a

		n (%)	OR	95% CI	Trend p
Total pre-pregnancy physical activity	(1 hour/week)		0.85	0.81–0.90
Weight retention six months postpartum	(5 kg)		1.31	1.05–1.58
Pregnancy weight gain based on IOM Guidelines	Inadequate	110 (13.9)	1.14	0.59–2.21
	Adequate	291 (36.7)	Ref.
	Excessive	393 (49.5)	0.44	0.27–0.72
Depression in second trimester	<13	672 (84.6)	Ref.
	≥13	57 (7.2)	1.06	0.48–2.33
	Missing	65 (8.2)	0.78	0.35–1.74
Depression6 months postpartum	<13	721 (90.8)	Ref.
	≥13	66 (8.3)	1.34	0.64–2.79
	Missing	7 (0.9)	1.43	0.22–9.49
Age	(1 year)		1.08	1.02–1.14
BMI before pregnancy	(1 kg/m2)		0.99	0.94–1.04
Race / ethnicity	White	618 (77.8)	Ref.
	Asian	37 (4.7)	0.97	0.34–2.74
	Black	67 (8.4)	1.25	0.54–2.89
	Hispanic	47 (5.9)	1.57	0.66–3.72
	Other	25 (3.2)	1.35	0.39–4.63
Marital status	Married	702 (88.4)	Ref.
	Cohabitate	60 (7.6)	0.97	0.40–2.36
	Divorced/separated/widowed	11 (1.4)	0.37	0.03–4.34
	Never married	21 (2.6)	1.13	0.26–4.95
Education	≤high school diploma	35 (4.4)	1.58	0.49–5.07	0.54
	Some college	162 (20.4)	1.14	0.61–2.16
	BA or BS	298 (37.5)	0.89	0.53–1.48
	Postgraduate degree	299 (37.7)	Ref.
Annual household income (annual $U.S.)	Don't know	14 (1.8)	0.57	0.06–5.21	0.91
	≤40,000	81 (10.2)	0.77	0.31–1.91
	40,001–70,000	170 (21.4)	1.24	0.72–2.16
	>$70,000	529 (66.6)	Ref.
Employment in early pregnancy (hr/wk)	0	110 (13.9)	Ref.		0.002
	1–24	109 (13.7)	1.74	0.72–4.24
	25–34	73 (9.2)	2.01	0.72–5.64
	35–44	367 (46.2)	3.25	1.46–7.21
	45+	135 (17.0)	5.12	1.96–13.37
Employment change from early pregnancy to six months postpartum	No change	334 (42.1)	Ref.
	Decrease	421 (53.0)	0.46	0.28–0.76
	Increase	39 (4.9)	2.01	0.80–5.09
# Children in home	0	366 (46.1)	Ref.
	1+	389 (49.0)	1.30	0.79–2.13
	Missing	39 (4.9)	0.68	0.21–2.23
Nauseatedb	No	404 (50.9)	Ref.
	Yes	390 (49.1)	1.14	0.72–1.81
Vomiting frequency	0	395 (49.8)	Ref.		0.11
	1–2	129 (16.3)	0.71	0.38–1.32
	3–10	124 (15.6)	0.74	0.40–1.36
	11–20	57 (7.2)	0.63	0.25–1.57
	20+	89 (11.2)	0.51	0.22–1.20
Exercise barriers
Lack of time	Not	39 (4.9)	Ref.		0.72
	A little	200 (25.2)	0.95	0.29–3.11
	A lot	503 (63.4)	1.03	0.33–3.25
	Does not want more exercise	52 (6.6)
Spending time with children	Not	144 (18.1)	Ref.		0.96
	A little	380 (47.9)	1.08	0.60–1.95
	A lot	218 (27.5)	0.97	0.50–1.89
	Does not want more exercise	52 (6.6)
Lack of child care	Not	294 (37.0)	Ref.		0.10
	A little	232 (29.2)	1.15	0.68–1.97
	A lot	216 (27.2)	1.73	0.99–3.02
	Does not want more exercise	52 (6.6)

^aOf 1242 participants, we excluded 153 who were sedentary pre-pregnancy and 295 with missing covariate data.

^bNauseated for seven consecutive days during pregnancy

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; IOM, Institute of Medicine; OR, odds ratio