. 2005 Mar 10;106(1):27–34. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3728

Table 7.

Randomized studies of growth factors as priming therapy for acute myeloid leukemia

						Growth factor vs control group
Reference	No. of patients	Median age, y	AML state	Growth factor/control	Day of first administration^*	% CR	% overall survival
Ohno et al¹³	58	43-47	Relapsed/refractory	Filgrastim/placebo	-2	50/37	Same
Estey et al¹⁴	197^†	58-61	De novo/secondary	Filgrastim/control	-1	63/54	Same
Heil et al¹⁵	80	55	De novo	Molgrastim/placebo	-2	81/79	45/49 (at 43 mo)
Zittoun et al¹⁶	51	54	Previously untreated	Molgrastim/control	-1	72/77	Same
Löwenberg et al¹⁷	318	68	De novo/secondary	Molgrastim/control	-1	56/55	22/22 (at 24 mo)
Witz et al¹⁸	240	66	De novo	Molgrastim/placebo	+1	62/61	44/19 (at 24 mo)^‡
Thomas et al¹⁹	192	46-47	Relapsed/refractory	Molgrastim/placebo	-2	65/59	Same
Löwenberg et al²⁰	640	44	De novo/secondary	Lenograstim/control	-1	79/83	40/35 (at 48 mo)^§
Rowe et al²¹	245	67-69	Previously untreated	Sargramostim/placebo	-2	38/40	Same
Löfgren et al²²	110	77	De novo	Sargramostim/control	-1	65/64	8/10^∥ (at 72 mo)

Filgrastim indicates Escherichia coli—derived recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Lenograstim, Chinese hamster ovary—derived recombinant human G-CSF; Molgrastim, Escherichia coli—derived recombinant human GM-CSF; and Sargramostim, yeast-derived recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Day of first administration of the growth factor in relation to the start of chemotherapy.

^†

Including 74 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

^‡

P = .003.

^§

P = .16; DFS 45/33, P = .02.

^∥

P = .07.