. 2007 May 31;7:12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-7-12

Table 2.

Cohort descriptors

General domain	Specific domain	Instrument
Anthropometrics		Weight^†, height, arm span, and waist and hip circumference

Sensation	Vision	High- and low-contrast visual acuity^§
		Edge contrast sensitivity (Melbourne Edge Test)^§
		Depth perception^§
	Vibration sense	200 Hz vibration at the knee^§
	Proprioception^†	Joint position matching task, left and right knee angle^§
	Touch sensitivity	Monofilament test at the plantar heel [83]
	Vestibular	Vertical X-Writing Test (proxy measure) [84]

Musculoskeletal	Isometric strength^†	Ankle dorsiflexion^§
		Knee extension ^§
	Lower-limb power^†	Repeated Step-Up (proxy measure) [79]
	Flexibility^†	Sit-and-reach test [78]

Neuromotor	Coordination	Finger-to-nose touch test [85]
	Simple reaction time^†	Finger press^§
		Foot pedal^§

Cognitive	Cognitive function	Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (sMMSE) [63]
	Memory and recall	Supraspan forward digit recall with motor component [86]
	Visuospatial memory	Backward digit recall [87]

Balance & mobility	Static balance^†	Spontaneous postural sway, measured at pelvis; four conditions: eyes open or closed, standing on firm surface or foam^§
	Dynamic balance^†	Coordinated stability^§(volitional centre-of-mass movement around a designated course)
		Maximal balance range^§(range of forward and backward lean)
	Mobility^†	Timed Up and Go [77]

Health and lifestyle	General health	Medical Outcomes Study, Short form (MOS SF-36) [88]
	Falls history	Custom-designed questionnaire
	Exercise behaviour	Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) [89]
	Activities of daily living	Instrumental Activities of Daily Living [90]

Psychometrics	Balance confidence^†	Activity-specific Balance Confidence questionnaire (ABC) [62]
	Trait anxiety	Endler Multi-dimensional Anxiety Scale – Trait (EMAS-T) [91]
	State anxiety^†‡	Endler Multi-dimensional Anxiety Scale – State (EMAS-S) [91]
	Depression	Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) [92]
	Personality	Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI^TM) [93]
	Fear of falling and activity restriction	Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly (SAFFE) [94]

^†These tests will be completed pre- and post-intervention

^‡This questionnaire is administered immediately following balance testing