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. 2007 Jun 5;7:85. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-7-85

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Copyright © 2007 Marin et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Synapomorphy support in the 23S rRNA for the sister-group relationship between Paulinella and free-living α-cyanobacteria. Shown is the alignment and secondary structure diagram of Helix 837 in the 23S rDNA, with two RNA base pairs highlighted that represent synapomorphies of α-cyanobacterial clades to the exclusion of Paulinella and other prokaryotes. Sequence data and evolutionary changes are plotted on a simplified phylogram (NJ-bootstrap consensus tree). Pair 868/909 shows a uniquely derived CBC (compensatory base change: U-A → C-G) of all free-living α-cyanobacteria; the neighbouring pair 869/908 changed in the common ancestor of the marine PS-subclades (marine Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus) whereas the Cyanobium-clade and Paulinella are plesiomorphic. Pair 869/908 shows parallel changes in a few other cyanobacteria, (e.g. in Fischerella).