Table 3.
Association between HIV infection and socio-demographic and selected behavioural indicators analysed by univariate analysis
| Men (n = 741) | Women (n = 904) | |||||
| Characteristic | N (%) | OR (95%CI) | P-value | N (%) | OR (95%CI) | P-value |
| Residential area | ||||||
| Remote | 345 (46.6) | 1 | - | 369 (39.5) | 1 | - |
| Rural | 396 (53.4) | 4.9 (1.2–19.9) | 0.03 | 565 (60.5) | 4.6 (0.9–22.9) | 0.06 |
| Village | ||||||
| Haydom | 153 (20.7) | 1 | - | 220 (24.3) | 1 | - |
| Muslur | 118 (15.9) | 0.6 (0.1 – 6.0) | 0.61 | 133 (14.7) | 0.6 (0.1–5.0) | 0.61 |
| Basotu | 117 (15.8) | 4.1 (1.0 – 16.4) | 0.05 | 116 (12.8) | 4.1 (1.1–14.7) | 0.03 |
| Dangayda | 79 (10.7) | 0.9 (0.1 – 6.1) | 0.93 | 81 (9.0) | - | - |
| Mwanga | 148 (20.0) | 0.5 (0.1–5.6) | 0.58 | 142 (15.7) | 0.5 (0.1–5.4) | 0.59 |
| Nduguti | 126 (17.0) | 2.5 (0.4–15.3) | 0.30 | 212 (23.5) | 1.5 (0.4–6.0) | 0.58 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 15–19 | 90 (12.2) | - | - | 119 (13.2) | - | - |
| 20–24 | 155 (20.9) | 208 (23.0) | ||||
| 25–29 | 149 (20.1) | 210 (23.2) | ||||
| 30–34 | 127 (17.1) | 143 (15.8) | ||||
| 35–39 | 93 (12.6) | 105 (11.6) | ||||
| 40–49 | 127 (17.1) | 119 (13.1) | ||||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 241 (32.5) | 1 | - | 183 (20.2) | 1 | - |
| Married/engaged/cohabit | 479 (64.6) | 0.62 (0.1–3.8) | 0.61 | 676 (74.8) | 0.2 (0.0–1.3) | 0.10 |
| Divorced/separated/widow | 21 (2.8) | - | - | 45 (5.0) | 1.9 (0.2–16.8) | 0.55 |
| Duration of stay at current residence | ||||||
| > 1 Year | 655 (88.4) | 1 | - | 777 (86.0) | 1 | - |
| ≤1 Year | 86 (11.6) | 5.9 (1.2–33.3) | 0.03 | 127 (14.0) | 1.8 (0.4–7.7) | 0.46 |
| Education level | ||||||
| None | 58 (7.8) | 1 | - | 107 (11.8) | 1 | - |
| < 7 years | 110 (14.8) | 0.6 (0.1–7.5) | 0.50 | 158 (16.9) | 3.8 (0.4–4) | 0.24 |
| ≥7 years | 573 (77.3) | 0.7 (0.1–5.4) | 0.60 | 639 (70.7) | 2.3 (0.3–16.5) | 0.40 |
| *Income | ||||||
| None | 38 (5.1) | 1 | - | 20 (2.21) | - | - |
| Employed | 94 (12.7) | 1.6 (0.1–12.6) | 0.63 | 123 (13.61) | 0.3 (0.0–3.7) | 0.36 |
| Farmer/pastoralist | 609 (86.8) | 0.5 (0.1–2.6) | 0.38 | 761 (84.18) | 0.8 (0.2–3.5) | 0.78 |
| Age at first sex | ||||||
| ≥18 years | 457 (61.7) | 1 | - | 590 (65.27) | 1 | - |
| < 18 years | 284 (38.3) | 2.0 (0.7–6.0) | 0.21 | 314 (34.73) | 2.2 (0.8–6.0) | 0.12 |
| Ever condom | ||||||
| No | 541 (73.0) | 1 | - | 737 (81.5) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 200 (27.0) | 0.5 (0.09–2.5) | 0.37 | 167 (18.5) | 1.2 (0.3–5.0) | 0.83 |
| Multiple sex partner(s) | ||||||
| No | 393 (53.0) | 1 | - | 605 (66.9) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 348 (47.0) | 5.6 (1.5–20.8) | 0.01 | 299 (33.1) | 4.6 (1.3–16.9) | 0.04 |
| History of STIs | ||||||
| No | 628 (84.8) | 1 | - | 674 (74.8) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 113 (15.3) | 4.6 (1.4–15.6) | 0.01 | 230 (25.4) | 1.6 (0.7–3.9) | 0.29 |
| Ever VCT | ||||||
| No | 512 (69.1) | 1 | 1 | 567 (62.7) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 229 (30.9) | 1.3 (0.5–3.1) | 0.57 | 337 (37.3) | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 0.77 |
| Uses of contraceptives other than condoms | ||||||
| No | - | - | - | 576 (63.7) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 386 (36.3) | 7.7 (2.0–30.2) | 0.008 | |||
| "Incentive sex " | ||||||
| Offer incentive for sex | ||||||
| No | 684 (92.4) | 1 | - | 899 (99.5) | - | |
| Yes | 56 (7.6) | 0.6 (0.1–4.0) | 0.55 | 5 (0.6) | ||
| Receive incentive for sex | ||||||
| No | 731(98.9) | 1 | - | 859 (95.0) | 1 | - |
| Yes | 8 (1.1) | 6.9 (1.2–41.5) | 0.03 | 45 (5.0) | 2.2 (0.5–10.8) | 0.33 |
Adjusted for age.
* None of the women without income had HIV infection; the reference category was thus dropped.