Figure 2. TGF-β activates a NOX system in hepatocytes, which produces an increase in the intracellular content of superoxide anion and peroxide.

(A) Cells were incubated with TGF-β (1 ng/ml) at different times. NOX activity assay was performed as described in the Experimental section. A representative experiment of three is shown. (B) Intracellular content of ROS was analysed, as described in the Experimental section, in hepatocytes treated with TGF-β (1 ng/ml) for 3 h. The results are shown as means±S.E.M. for five experiments. (C) The intracellular content of peroxide was analysed in cells incubated for 3 h in the absence or presence of TGF-β (1 ng/ml) and/or 300 units/ml of SOD. The results are shown as means±S.E.M. for three experiments.