Fig. 1.
Kinetics of IL-11 production by fresh rheumatoid synovial cells (fresh RSC) and synovial pieces. (a) Cells isolated from rheumatoid synovia were placed in a 24-well plate at a concentration of 1 × 105/well, and cultured with 0.5 ml of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). The culture media were collected, and exchanged with fresh media every 24 h for up to 96 h. The amounts of IL-11 in supernatants were measured by ELISA. Each bar represents mean ± s.d. of four different wells. (b) A rheumatoid synovial piece was also cultured with 1 ml of DMEM medium. The culture supernatants were collected, and exchanged with fresh media every 24 h for up to 96 h.