Fig. 1.

Up-regulation of the MLR in standard MLR-negative cases using cytokines. (a) The MLR was not up-regulated by pretreating the stimulator cells. (b) Pretreatment of the responder cells did not up-regulate the MLR response. (c) Combination of (a) and (b). The changes noted with cytokine treatment of cells for MLR analysis are very small and have a large deviation. *Exclusively, when the stimulator cells were treated with IL-4 + IFN-γ and the responder cells were treated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) + IL-2, the relative response index (RRI) was up-regulated to 245 ± 130% (mean ± s.e.m., n = 10) > 100%.