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Total (a) IgM, (b) IgG and (c) IgA levels in serum of rats colonized by Escherichia coli (□) or E. coli and Lactobacillus plantarum (Δ). Two control rats were included, which were germ-free rats matched by age. Error bars represent s.e.m. ○, Control. *P < 0.05.
