Importance of IL-2 for IL-4 production by naive and memory T cells. CD45RA− (a,c) or CD45RO− (b,c) adult T cells (5 × 105/ml) from three adult non-atopic donors were cultured with P815/CD80 cells (5 × 105/ml) and anti-CD3 MoAb (UCHT1) at a concentration of 2 μg/ml, in the presence of anti-IL-4R MoAb (2.5 μg/ml). To block all IL-2 activity, a neutralizing anti-IL-2 antibody (1 μg/ml) together with anti-IL-2Rα (5 μg/ml) and anti-IL-2Rβ (2 μg/ml) MoAbs were added as indicated (a,b). Supernatants were collected after 72 h and the IL-4 (a,b) and IL-2 (c) concentrations in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. The detection limit for IL-4 in these experiments (a) is represented by a horizontal black line.