Fig. 1.

T cell proliferation responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and tetanus toxoid (TT) in patients with APECED (•) and in control subjects (○) are expressed as stimulation indices (SI). SI of 3·0 is marked with the horizontal line as a cut-off point for positivity. The distribution of the SIs to GAD differed significantly between patients and controls (P = 0·004; Mann–Whitney U-test). Fifteen of 44 (34%) patients with APECED had a positive SI compared with three of 28 (11%) healthy adults (P = 0·03; Fisher’s exact test).