Fig. 3.

Representative FACS histograms showing ECV304 expression of (a) ICAM-1 and (b) MHC-I for: a, IgG control; b, mock-treated; c, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) + triamcinolone acetonide (TA); and d, PMA. (c) ICAM-1 for: a, mock-treated; b, IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); c, IFN-γ; d, PMA; and e, TNF-α. PMA treatment significantly up-regulated ICAM-1 expression while subsequent treatment with TA significantly reduced ICAM-1 expression. Treatment of PMA-stimulated cells with TA did not significantly modulate levels of MHC-I expression. PMA had a similar effect to other proinflammatory cytokines; IFN-γ produced equivalent levels of ICAM-modulation to PMA, while TNF-α produced less modulation than PMA. IFN-γ and TNF-α in combination produced most pronounced up-modulation of ICAM-1 expression.