Fig. 4.

Cytokine production by fetal and neonatal CBMC CBMC from a fetus (Fetal) and a term neonate (Cord), delivered by caesarean section, were cultured in the presence (PHA), or absence (Medium), of PHA in 24-well Costar plates for 48 h. The culture supernatant was harvested and concentration of (a) IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ and IL-10 and (b) TNF-α and IL-6 determined by ELISA. The results are expressed as pictograms of cytokine in 1 ml supernatant. This is a representative of 5 experiments using blood samples from different subjects. Four out of the 5 neonates were delivered by elective caesarean section.