Fig. 1.

Up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells co-cultured with Plasmodium falciparum srain ItG-infected and uninfected red blood cells (PRBC and RBC, respectively) in the absence and presence of 5 pg/ml TNF for 20 h. Data are given after subtraction of the control value and expressed as the mean of geometric mean of fluorescence ± SEM from 12 experiments. Statistical analysis of significance was performed using a paired t-test.