TABLE 3.
Inoculum | Antiviral treatment
|
Disease outcome
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | Dose (μg) | Treatment days | Morbidity (no. of sick mice/total no. in group) | Mortality (no. of mice that died/total no. in group) | Avg day of disease onset (SD)b | Avg survival time (SD)c | |
Diluent | Vehicle | NA | 0 to 8 | 0/4 | 0/4 | NA | NA |
WNV | 5′-end PPMO | 200 | 0 to 8 | 5/8* | 3/8 | 9.8 (1.48)*** | 17.3 (5.13)*** |
5′-end PPMO | 100 | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 5/8 | 9.1 (1.55)** | 11.4 (3.71) | |
3′ CSI PPMO | 200 | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 4/8 | 10.8 (2.92)** | 13.0 (3.46)* | |
3′ CSI PPMO | 100 | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 3/8 | 11.3 (2.49)*** | 11.3 (0.58) | |
Scramble PPMO | 200 | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 6/8 | 7.6 (0.92) | 9.7 (0.46) | |
Scramble PPMO | 100 | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 6/8 | 7.6 (0.52) | 11.0 (2.00) | |
Vehicle | NA | 0 to 8 | 8/8 | 7/8 | 8.1 (1.55) | 10.43 (2.3) | |
Diluent | Vehicle | NA | 5 to 15 | 0/4 | 0/4 | NA | NA |
WNV | 5′-end PPMO | 200 | 5 to 15 | 8/8 | 4/8 | 7.6 (0.74) | 11.0 (4.08) |
Scramble PPMO | 200 | 5 to 15 | 8/8 | 6/8 | 7.4 (0.52) | 9.8 (2.32) | |
Vehicle | NA | 5 to 15 | 8/8 | 7/8 | 7.5 (0.53) | 9.3 (1.50) |
Six-week-old C3H female mice were inoculated s.c. in the left rear footpad with 103 PFU of WNV or diluent alone on day 0. The mice were then inoculated i.p. daily on days 0 to 8 or days 5 to 15 with the indicated treatments. Mice were monitored for weight loss and clinical signs. Surviving mice were bled on days 35 to 37 postinoculation and tested for WNV-specific antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; all WNV-inoculated mice were seropositive, and mock-inoculated mice were seronegative. NA, not applicable. Levels of statistical significance in comparisons of results for the indicated group to those for the group receiving the scramble conjugate at the same dose are noted as follows: *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.005.
Average day of disease onset postinoculation for mice that became sick only.
Average survival time in days for mice that died.