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Presence of pilus-like appendages on the cell surface of hormogonia produced by pil mutants of N. punctiforme. (A) Hormogonia of the NpR2800 mutant (pilD homologue); (B) hormogonia of the NpF2507 mutant (pilT homologue); (C) hormogonia of the NpR0117 mutant (pilT homologue). Scale bars represent 1 μm. At least 50 filaments were observed for each mutant phenotype, and the electron micrographs shown are representative of each strain.
