Table II.
Potential and true Trx targets identified in M. truncatula germinating seeds have diverse functions
The proteins are divided in two groups: the previously unrecognized and the previously recognized targets, already reported for other photosynthetic organisms. Targets already reported in screens of cereal or peanut seeds are indicated with *. Targets that are reduced in germinating seeds of M. truncatula are indicated in bold, and those whose gene expression is associated with seeds are indicated with #.
| Previously Unrecognized Targets | Previously Reported Targets |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Metabolism |
| Carbon metabolism | Carbon metabolism |
| Malic enzyme (cytosol) | Enolase* |
| Amino acid synthesis | GAPDH (cytosol)* |
| Isopropylmalate dehydratase | Malate dehydrogenase (cytosol)* |
| Vitamin synthesis | Phosphoglycerate mutase* |
| 5,10-Methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase | Triose phosphate isomerase* |
| 4-Methyl-5(b-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole monophosphate biosynthesis protein | PM34*# |
| Cell wall synthesis | Succinate dehydrogenase |
| UDP-Glc dehydrogenase | Rubisco large subunit |
| Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase | Amino acid synthesis |
| 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase | Ketol acid reductoisomerase* |
| DNA synthesis | Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase |
| DNA polymerase d auxiliary protein | Gln synthetase (chloroplasts) |
| Protein biogenesis and degradation | Gln synthetase (cytosol) |
| Translation | ATP-linked energy |
| EF1α | ATP synthase subunit β (mitochondria)* |
| EF1δ | ATPase subunit α (vacuole) |
| EIF5 A-2 | Cell wall synthesis |
| 40S ribosomal protein S21 | UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase* |
| Folding | Cell structure |
| HSP90 | Actin* |
| HSP83 | Tubulin α* |
| HSP90 (putative) | Tubulin β* |
| PDI like | Protein biogenesis and degradation |
| TCP CPN60 chaperonin ɛ | Translation |
| TCP CPN60 chaperonin τ | EF1β* |
| FKBP (cytosol) | EF2* |
| Targeting | EF-tu (chloroplast) |
| Ran-binding protein | Folding |
| Degradation | PDI* |
| Ni-binding urease accessory protein | HSP70 (cytosol) |
| Storage proteins | HSP70 (endoplasmic reticulum)* |
| Allergen 28 K# | HSP70 (mitochondria) |
| Glycinin subunit G7# | HSP70 (chloroplasts) |
| Legumin J# | CPN60-2 (mitochondria) |
| Vicilin 47 kD (whole protein and fragments)# | CPN60α (chloroplasts) |
| Binding proteins | CPN60β (chloroplasts)* |
| Calreticulin | Stress-induced protein Sti1* |
| Selenium-binding protein | Targeting |
| Ferritin# | Ran |
| SOUL-heme-binding protein | Degradation |
| P54# | Leu aminopeptidase* |
| SBP65# | Proteasome subunit 6A* |
| Response to stress | CDC48* |
| Oxidative stress | Storage proteins |
| GST (mitochondria)# | 2S Albumin*# |
| Desiccation and osmotic stress | Conglutin*# |
| Dehydrin# | Legumin A (whole protein and fragments)*# |
| LEA protein (group 5)# | Response to stress |
| PM24# | Oxidative stress |
| PM25# | Catalase* |
| PM51# | 1-Cys Prx*# |
| Sorbitol-6-P dehydrogenase | 2-Cys Prx* |
| Hypoxia | Prx II (cytosol) |
| Pyruvate decarboxylase | Prx IIF (mitochondria) |
| Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase | Prx IIE (chloroplasts) |
| Aluminum stress | GSH peroxidase* |
| Sali 3.2# | Aldo/keto auxin-induced reductase* |
| Wali 7 | Hypoxia |
| Biotic stress | Aldehyde dehydrogenase* |
| Chalcone reductase | Alcohol dehydrogenase |
| Lipoxygenase# | Biotic stress |
| Leukotriene-A4 hydrolase like | Nonspecific LTP*# |
| Signal transduction | Signal transduction |
| Arg-methyltransferase | Gly-rich RNA-binding protein* |
| ADP-ribosyltransferase# | G-protein subunit β* |
| GTP-binding protein | Unknown processes |
| RNA-binding protein | Aldose-1-epimerase |
| 14-3-3 protein | ESP*# |
| SNF4b# | |
| Unknown processes | |
| PM28# | |
| Gly-rich protein | |
| Ripening-related protein | |
| UK1 | |
| UK2 | |
| UK3 | |
| UK4 | |
| UK5 |