Figure 3.

Extracellular CsA inhibits HIV-1 infection. (A) Synthesis of polyethyleneglycol-modified CsA (b) from 8-amino-CsA (a), an analogue of CsA that retains its immunosuppressive activity and ability to inhibit cis-trans isomerase activity of CyPA (19). (B) Incorporation of [³H]thymidine into T cells was measured in the presence of indicated concentrations of CsA, CsA-PEG, or X-PEG (control for CsA-PEG). (C) PBMCs were infected with HIV-1_RF in the presence of 1 μg/ml of CsA, CsA-PEG, or X-PEG. Five days after infection, RT in the supernatant was measured. Results are mean ± SD of three independent infections with the cells from the same donor.