Table 4.
Results of Cox proportional hazards modelling for all cause and cardiovascular mortality and for unplanned readmissions to hospital. Values are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)
|
All cause survival
|
Event free survival*
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate |
| Sex (female v male) | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.09) | 0.88 (0.82 to 0.96) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) | 0.92 (0.85 to 0.98) |
| Age (per 10 year increase) | 1.44 (1.38 to 1.50) | 1.42 (1.36 to 1.48) | 1.24 (1.20 to 1.28) | 1.24 (1.20 to 1.28) |
| Ethnicity: | ||||
| White | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| South Asian | 0.62 (0.51 to 0.75) | 0.82 (0.68 to 0.99) | 0.83 (0.72 to 0.95) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.09) |
| Other | 0.69 (0.43 to 1.10) | 0.80 (0.50 to 1.27) | 0.71 (0.47 to 1.04) | 0.78 (0.52 to 1.13) |
| Not known | 1.46 (1.27 to 1.69) | 1.62 (1.39 to 1.87) | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.18) | 1.15 (0.99 to 1.31) |
| Gross comorbidity: | ||||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <7 days | 1.03 (0.95 to 1.12) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.17) | 1.15 (1.07 to 1.23) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.22) |
| 7-29 days | 1.60 (1.40 to 1.75) | 1.46 (1.30 to 1.64) | 1.60 (1.45 to 1.76) | 1.44 (1.30 to 1.59) |
| ≥30 days | 1.75 (1.32 to 2.30) | 1.55 (1.17 to 2.05) | 1.77 (1.39 to 2.26) | 1.59 (1.24 to 2.03) |
| Deprivation†: | ||||
| Q1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Q2 | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.08) | 0.96 (0.83 to 1.12) | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.13) | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.15) |
| Q3 | 0.90 (0.78 to 1.04) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.07) | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.13) | 1.04 (0.92 to 1.17) |
| Q4 | 0.90 (0.78 to 1.02) | 0.95 (0.83 to 1.08) | 0.99 (0.88 to 1.11) | 1.02 (0.91 to 1.15) |
| Q5 | 0.81 (0.71 to 0.91) | 0.88 (0.77 to 0.99) | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.04) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.08) |
| Diabetes (yes v no) | 0.85 (0.77 to 0.94) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.09) | 1.06 (0.97 to 1.14) | 1.11 (1.02 to 1.21) |
| Concomitant acute myocardial infarction (yes v no) | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.08) | 1.07 (0.94 to 1.17) | 1.04 (0.94 to 1.14) | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.24) |
| Hypertension (yes v no) | 0.76 (0.70 to 0.83) | 0.77 (0.71 to 0.84) | 0.91 (0.85 to 0.97) | 0.88 (0.82 to 0.94) |
| Stroke (yes v no) | 1.57 (1.38 to 1.77) | 1.46 (1.28 to 1.65) | 1.34 (1.22 to 1.53) | 1.26 (1.12 to 1.41) |
| Renal insufficiency (yes v no) | 1.88 (1.70 to 2.06) | 1.85 (1.68 to 2.03) | 1.65 (1.51 to 1.80) | 1.57 (1.44 to 1.72) |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter (yes v no) | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.00) | 0.86 (0.79 to 0.92) | 0.99 (0.92 to 1.06) | 0.94 (0.88 to 1.00) |
| Year of diagnosis: | ||||
| 1998-9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1999-2000 | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.97) | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.97) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.14) |
| 2000-1 | 0.89 (0.80 to 0.97) | 0.88 (0.78 to 0.96) | 1.17 (1.07 to 1.27) | 1.14 (1.05 to 1.24) |
*
Survival to death from any cause or emergency readmission for cardiovascular event.
†
Q1=least deprived, Q5=most deprived.