TABLE 3—
Percentages of Current Smokers Among Lesbians, Gay Men, WSW, MSM, Bisexuals, and the General Population, by Demographic Characteristics: California, 2003–2004
| Lesbian or Gay, % (95% CI) | Bisexual, % (95% CI) | WSW or MSM, % (95% CI) | General Population, % (95% CI) | |
| Women | ||||
| Total | 329 | 290 | 383 | 11 037 |
| Age, y | ||||
| 18–24 | 73.5a (46.9, 89.7) | 29.3 (16.7, 46.2) | 52.9a (29.3, 75.2) | 13.2 (12.1, 14.3) |
| 25–44 | 28.9a (18.2, 42.6) | 32.2a (21.0, 45.9) | 42.8a (32.4, 53.8) | 13.1 (12.2, 13.9) |
| 45–64 | 19.7 (10.4, 34.1) | 11.5 (3.8, 30.2) | 41.5a (29.3, 54.9) | 12.6 (11.8, 13.4) |
| ≥ 65 | 0.9a (0.0, 8.1) | 0.0 | 51.3 (15.9, 85.5) | 7.2 (6.0, 8.5) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 18.9 (6.9, 42.4) | 9.2 (2.0, 33.9) | 37.4 (14.1, 68.6) | 7.5 (6.7, 8.4) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 30.0a (20.9, 41.0) | 28.9a (20.4, 39.2) | 40.2 (32.0, 48.9) | 7.5 (14.3, 15.7) |
| African American | 36.9 (12.7, 70.0) | 41.9 (13.0, 77.6) | 40.78 (10.8, 79.6) | 17.5 (15.7, 19.4) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 31.0 (5.2, 78.6) | 11.5 (2.6, 38.9) | 68.5a (22.3, 94.3) | 7.2 (5.4, 8.9) |
| Other | 16.5 (3.7, 50.6) | 16.9 (2.0, 66.7) | 67.1a (42.6, 84.8) | 21.3 (15.3, 27.3) |
| Education | ||||
| No formal education | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.8 (0.0, 9.0) |
| Less than high school | 0.0 | 90.6a (40.8, 99.3) | 100.0a | 6.3 (4.4, 8.2) |
| High school | 54.2a (29.9, 76.6) | 42.0 (20.7, 66.7) | 57.0a (41.0, 71.6) | 16.5 (15.4, 17.6) |
| Some college | 42.1a (26.9, 58.9) | 33.8a (22.1, 47.7) | 38.7a (27.5, 51.3) | 14.8 (13.8, 15.7) |
| Undergraduate degree | 10.0 (4.1, 22.1) | 20.0 (8.9, 39.1) | 35.0a (20.5, 52.9) | 8.0 (6.9, 9.1) |
| Some postgraduate | 25.2 (7.7, 57.7) | 3.4 (0.7, 14.7) | 10.2 (1.5, 44.7) | 8.0 (5.6, 10.3) |
| Graduate or advanced degree | 7.6 (2.4, 21.8) | 4.6 (1.2, 16.6) | 52.9a (29.3, 75.2) | 4.9 (3.6, 6.3) |
| Income, $ | ||||
| ≤ 30 000 | 61.0a (42.2, 76.7) | 38.5a (23.6, 55.9) | 49.3a (36.4, 62.3) | 12.7 (11.9, 13.5) |
| 30 001–50 000 | 33.2 (14.8, 58.7) | 22.2 (10.0, 42.5) | 50.1a (33.4, 66.8) | 16.1 (14.3, 17.8) |
| 50 001–75 000 | 20.1 (8.5, 40.5) | 39.8a (21.1, 62.0) | 31.3 (15.9, 52.5) | 11.6 (10.2, 13.1) |
| > 75 000 | 12.6 (5.8, 25.4) | 10.1 (4.1, 22.7) | 33.8a (20.1, 50.9) | 9.1 (8.3, 10.0) |
| Men | ||||
| Total | 548 | 85 | 83 | 9 488 |
| Age, y | ||||
| 18–24 | 34.9 (16.2, 59.8) | 41.8 (15.5, 73.9) | 100a | 22.4 (20.7, 24.1) |
| 25–44 | 29.6 (21.5, 39.3) | 48.5 (20.8, 77.1) | 33.6 (13.3, 62.7) | 22.3 (21.2, 23.4) |
| 45–64 | 24.4 (16.3, 34.9) | 14.9 (3.4, 46.9) | 40.0 (17.2, 68.1) | 19.3 (17.7, 20.8) |
| ≥ 65 | 12.8 (3.7, 35.7) | 16.5 (2.1, 63.9) | 0.0 | 7.4 (5.5, 9.3) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 41.8 (21.3, 65.5) | 45.8 (6.8, 90.7) | 53.4 (11.0, 91.4) | 20.1 (18.5, 21.7) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 27.9a (21.6, 35.2) | 22.8 (10.3, 43.1) | 30.8 (14.6, 53.6) | 19.2 (18.5, 20.0) |
| African American | 17.8 (4.6, 49.1) | 79.1a (34.8, 96.4) | 21.7 (1.7, 81.6) | 20.9 (18.7, 23.1) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 11.9 (3.2, 35.9) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.7 (14.0, 19.5) |
| Other | 17.8 (4.2, 51.9) | 97.1a (71.6, 99.8) | 43.8 (11.5, 82.4) | 33.5 (28.0, 38.9) |
| Education | ||||
| No formal education | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.9 (0.1, 21.6) |
| Less than high school | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 19.5 (16.2, 22.8) |
| High school | 44.2 (25.8, 64.4) | 37.1 (11.3, 73.2) | 60.1 (27.8, 85.5) | 28.6 (27.2, 29.9) |
| Some college | 23.0 (14.6, 34.3) | 30.2 (13.7, 54.1) | 5.7a (1.4, 20.8) | 19.9 (18.1, 21.8) |
| Undergraduate degree | 28.6a (18.6, 41.2) | 18.7 (3.4, 60.0) | 10.6 (2.8, 32.3) | 13.9 (12.4, 15.3) |
| Some postgraduate | 28.5 (12.5, 52.9) | 4.0 (0.5, 25.4) | 19.4 (2.9, 66.4) | 14.1 (9.7, 18.6) |
| Graduate or advanced degree | 16.4 (9.2, 27.5) | 40.7 (9.4, 82.0) | 45.3 (12.7, 82.6) | 7.4 (6.2, 8.6) |
| Income, $ | ||||
| < 30 000 | 41.0 (27.0, 56.7) | 53.2 (24.8, 79.6) | 34.4 (12.8, 65.2) | 23.9 (22.2, 25.6) |
| 30 001–50 000 | 25.7 (12.0, 46.6) | 16.9 (3.9, 50.9) | 4.4 (1.0, 18.3) | 20.8 (18.5, 23.0) |
| 50 001–75 000 | 28.8 (17.0, 44.5) | 20.0 (3.9, 60.5) | 15.9 (3.2, 52.0) | 20.7 (18.2, 23.1) |
| > 75 000 | 19.5 (12.8, 28.7) | 49.6 (15.1, 84.4) | 40.2 (15.0, 72.0) | 14.0 (12.9, 15.1) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; WSM = women who have sex with women; MSM = men who have sex with men.
aStatistically significant (P < .017) in test of independent proportions between subgroup and general population.