Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of study participants at the time of diagnosis
| Patient Characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCC | CLD | P-Value | Benign | |
| n | 166 | 77 | 29 | |
| Male gender (n, %) | 120 (72%) | 54 (70%) | 0.846 | 6 (21%) |
| Age (median, range) | 60.5 (32 - 89) | 46 (18 - 74) | <0.001 | 51 (20 -73) |
| Cirrhosis (n, %) | 134 (81%) | 72 (94%) | 0.017 | 1 (3%) |
| Hepatitis Status | ||||
| HBsAg+ Anti-HCV+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| HBsAg- Anti-HCV+ | 58 | 60 | 0 | |
| HBsAg+ Anti-HCV- | 11 | 3 | 0 | |
| HBsAg- Anti-HCV- | 77 | 9 | 26 | |
| Laboratory Findings (median, range) | ||||
| Albumin | 3.5 (1.5 - 4.7) | 3.1 (1.1 - 4.5) | <0.001 | 4.2 (2.6 - 4.8) |
| Total bilirubin | 1.4 (0.3 – 11.5) | 2.6(0.3 - 47) | <0.001 | 0.5 (0.3 - 2.9) |
| PT | 10.6 (8.2 - 18.9) | 12.55(8.7 - 25) | <0.001 | 9.3 (8.5 - 12.6) |
| Platelet Count | 135 (9 - 819) | 71.5(31 - 367) | <0.001 | 251 (59 - 578) |
| ALT | 62 (12 - 948) | 78(11 - 811) | 0.015 | 22 (11 - 141) |
| MELD | 10 (6 - 20) | 13(6 - 31) | <0.001 | 6 (6 - 12) |
| AFP | 28 (0.8 - >300,000) | 7.5(1.5 - 110) | <0.001 | 1.7 (0.8 - 7.4) |
| AFP-L3% | 25.75 (1.2 - 99.5) | 9.85 (1 - 33) | <0.001 | NA (NA - NA) |
| ND | 11 | 17 | 0 | |
| H | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| NR | 52 | 36 | 22 | |
| U | 8 | 5 | 7 | |
Missing data: Hepatitis status - 20 HCC and 5 CLD patients
ND (not detected): total AFP =10 ng/ml and AFP-L3 <0.5%
NR (not reported): 0.8<total AFP<10 ng/ml and AFP-L3 >0.5%
U (unmeasurable): total AFP <0.8 ng/ml
H (high): total AFP >300,000 ng/ml.
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CLD, chronic liver disease; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; Anti-HCV, antibody to hepatitis C virus; PT, prothrombin time; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease score; AFP, alpha fetoprotein.