Skip to main content
American Journal of Human Genetics logoLink to American Journal of Human Genetics
. 1964 Sep;16(3):311–335.

The Coexistence of the Genes for Hemoglobin E and α Thalassemia in Thais, with Resultant Suppression of Hemoglobin E Synthesis

Soodsarkorn Tuchinda, Donald L Rucknagel, Virginia Minnich, Urapol Boonyaprakob, Kampanad Balankura, Vinai Suvatee
PMCID: PMC1932478  PMID: 14207548

Full text

PDF
335

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AGER J. A., LEHMANN H. Observations on some fast haemoglobins: K, J, N, and Bart's. Br Med J. 1958 Apr 19;1(5076):929–931. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5076.929. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. AKSOY M., LEHMANN H. Sickle-cell-thalassaemia disease in South Turkey. Br Med J. 1957 Mar 30;1(5021):734–738. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5021.734. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. ATWATER J., SCHWARTZ I. R., ERSLEV A. J., MONTGOMERY T. L., TOCANTINS L. M. Sickling of erythrocytes in a patient with thalassemia-hemoglobin-I disease. N Engl J Med. 1960 Dec 15;263:1215–1223. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196012152632402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BINGLE J. P., HUEHNS E. R., PRANKERD T. A. Haemoglobin-H disease. Br Med J. 1958 Dec 6;2(5109):1389–1390. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5109.1389. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. BOYER S. H., RUCKNAGEL D. L., WEATHERALL D. J., WATSON-WILLIAMS E. J. FURTHER EVIDENCE OF LINKAGE BETWEEN THE BETA AND DELTA LOCI GOVERNING HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN AND THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LINKED GENES. Am J Hum Genet. 1963 Dec;15:438–448. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. CHERNOFF A. I., LIU J. C. The amino acid composition of hemoglobin. II. Analytical technics. Blood. 1961 Jan;17:54–70. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CHERNOFF A. I., MINNICH V., NANAKORN S., TUCHINDA S., KASHEMSANT C., BANGKOK, THAILAND, CHERNOFF R. R. Studies on hemoglobin E. I. The clinical, hematologic, and genetic characteristics of the hemoglobin E syndromes. J Lab Clin Med. 1956 Mar;47(3):455–489. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. CHOREMIS C., ZANNOS-MARIOLEA L., AGER J. A., LEHMANN H. Persistence of haemoglobin "Bart's" beyond infancy in a child with thalassaemia. Br Med J. 1959 Sep 5;2(5148):348–349. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5148.348. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. COHEN F., ZUELZER W. W., NEEL J. V., ROBINSON A. R. Multiple inherited erythrocyte abnormalities in an American Negro family: hereditary spherocytosis, sickling and thalassemia. Blood. 1959 Jul;14(7):816–827. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. DITTMAN W. A., HAUT A., WINTROBE M. M., CARTWRIGHT G. E. Hemoglobin H associated with an uncommon variant of thalassemia trait. Blood. 1960 Jul;16:975–983. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. DORMANDY K. M., LOCK S. P., LEHMANN H. Haemoglobin Q-alpha-thalassaemia. Br Med J. 1961 Jun 3;1(5239):1582–1585. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5239.1582. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. ENG LIL, HIN P. S., KENG K. L., ENDENBURG P. M. Chronic hypochromic microcytic anaemia associated with haemoglobin H. Acta Haematol. 1957 Aug;18(2):156–167. doi: 10.1159/000205313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. ENG L. L., TJIANG T. G., KENG K. L. Splenectomy in a case of chronic haemolytic anaemia associated with haemoglobin H. J Trop Med Hyg. 1961 Jun;64:136–139. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. FESSAS P., PAPASPYROU A. New fast hemoglobin associated with thalassemia. Science. 1957 Nov 29;126(3283):1119–1119. doi: 10.1126/science.126.3283.1119. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. GAMMACK D. B., HUEHNS E. R., LEHMANN H., SHOOTER E. M. The abnormal polypeptide chains in a number of haemoglobin variants. Acta Genet Stat Med. 1961;11:1–16. doi: 10.1159/000151139. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. GERALD P. S., DIAMOND L. K. The diagnosis of thalassemia trait by starch block electrophoresis of the hemoglobin. Blood. 1958 Jan;13(1):61–69. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. GOUTTAS A., FESSAS P., TSEVRENIS H., XEFTERI E. Description d'une nouvelle variété d'anémie hémolytique congénitale; etude hématologique, électrophorétique et génétique. Sang. 1955;26(9):911–919. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. HEDENBERG F., MULLER-EBERHARD U., SJOLIN S., WRANNE L. Haemoglobin H and inclusion-body anaemia in a Swedish family. Acta Paediatr. 1958 Nov;47(6):652–665. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1958.tb07681.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. HUISMAN T. H., MARTIS E. A., DOZY A. Chromatography of hemoglobin types on carboxymethylcellulose. J Lab Clin Med. 1958 Aug;52(2):312–327. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. HUNT J. A., INGRAM V. M. Abnormal human haemoglobins. IV. The chemical difference between normal human haemoglobin and haemoglobin C. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960 Aug 26;42:409–421. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90818-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. HUNT J. A., LEHMANN H. Haemoglobin "Bart's': a foetal haemoglobin without alpha-chains. Nature. 1959 Sep 19;184:872–873. doi: 10.1038/184872a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. INGRAM V. M. Abnormal human haemoglobins. I. The comparison of normal human and sickle-cell haemoglobins by fingerprinting. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1958 Jun;28(3):539–545. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(58)90516-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. INGRAM V. M. Biochemical genetics at the molecular level. Am J Med. 1963 May;34:674–679. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(63)90106-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. INGRAM V. M., STRETTON A. O. Genetic basis of the thalassaemia diseases. Nature. 1959 Dec 19;184:1903–1909. doi: 10.1038/1841903a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. ITANO H. A., BERGREN W. R., STURGEON P. The abnormal human hemoglobins. Medicine (Baltimore) 1956 May;35(2):121–159. doi: 10.1097/00005792-195605000-00002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. KATZ A. M., DREYER W. J., ANFINSEN C. B. Peptide separation by two-dimensional chromatography and electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1959 Nov;234:2897–2900. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. KOLER R. D., RIGAS D. A. Genetics of haemoglobin H. Ann Hum Genet. 1961 May;25:95–100. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1961.tb01503.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. KUNKEL H. G., CEPPELLINI R., MULLER-EBERHARD U., WOLF J. Observations on the minor basic hemoglobin component in the blood of normal individuals and patients with thalassemia. J Clin Invest. 1957 Nov;36(11):1615–1625. doi: 10.1172/JCI103561. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. KUNKEL H. G., WALLENIUS G. New hemoglobin in normal adult blood. Science. 1955 Aug 12;122(3163):288–288. doi: 10.1126/science.122.3163.288. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. LIE-INJO L. E. Alpha-chain thalassemia and hydrops fetalis in Malaya: report of five cases. Blood. 1962 Nov;20:581–590. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. MINNICH V., CORDONNIER J. K., WILLIAMS W. J., MOORE C. V. Alpha, beta and gamma hemoglobin polypeptide chains during the neonatal period with description of a fetal form of hemoglobin Da-St. Louis. Blood. 1962 Feb;19:137–167. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. MINNICH V., NA-NAKORN S., CHONG-CHAREONSUK S., KOCHASENI S. Mediterranean anemia; a study of thirty-two cases in Thailand. Blood. 1954 Jan;9(1):1–23. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. MOTULSKY A. G. Controller genes in synthesis of human haemoglobin. Nature. 1962 May 12;194:607–609. doi: 10.1038/194607b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. MOTULSKY A. G. Genetic and haematological significance of haemoglobin H. Nature. 1956 Nov 10;178(4541):1055–1056. doi: 10.1038/1781055b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. NA-NAKORN S., BANGKOK, THAILAND, MINNICH V., CHERNOFF A. I. Studies on hemoglobin E. II. The incidence of hemoglobin E in Thailand. J Lab Clin Med. 1956 Mar;47(3):490–498. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. NEEL J. V., ROBINSON A. R., ZUELZER W. W. Abnormal hemoglobins. Prog Hematol. 1956;1:91–137. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. NEEL J. V. The hemoglobin genes: a remarkable example of the clustering of related genetic functions on a single mammalian chromosome. Blood. 1961 Dec;18:769–777. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Nance W. E. Genetic Control of Hemoglobin Synthesis. Science. 1963 Jul 12;141(3576):123–130. doi: 10.1126/science.141.3576.123. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. PEARSON H. A., McFARLAND W. Erythrokinetics in thalassemia. II. Studies in Lepore trait and hemoglobin H disease. J Lab Clin Med. 1962 Jan;59:147–157. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. QUATTRIN N., VENTRUTO V., DINI E., ALOIA L. [On the association of Bart's hemoglobin and microcythemia. First Italian case]. Minerva Med. 1961 Sep 19;52:3189–3197. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. RAMOT B., SHEBA C., FISHER S., AGER J. A., LEHMANN H. Haemoglobin H disease with persistent haemoglobin "Bart's" in an Oriental Jewess and her daughter: a dual alpha-chain deficiency of human haemoglobin. Br Med J. 1959 Dec 5;2(5161):1228–1230. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5161.1228. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. RIGAS D. A., KOLER R. D., OSGOOD E. E. Hemoglobin H; clinical, laboratory, and genetic studies of a family with a previously undescribed hemoglobin. J Lab Clin Med. 1956 Jan;47(1):51–64. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. SINGER K., CHERNOFF A. I., SINGER L. Studies on abnormal hemoglobins. I. Their demonstration in sickle cell anemia and other hematologic disorders by means of alkali denaturation. Blood. 1951 May;6(5):413–428. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. SMITH E. W., CONLEY C. L. Filter paper electrophoresis of human hemoglobins with special reference to the incidence and clinical significance of hemoglobin C. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1953 Aug;93(2):94–106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Singer S. J., Itano H. A. ON THE ASYMMETRICAL DISSOCIATION OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1959 Feb;45(2):174–184. doi: 10.1073/pnas.45.2.174. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. TUCHINDA S., VAREENIL C., BHANCHIT P., MINNICH V. Fast hemoglobin component found in umbilical-cord blood of Thai babies. Pediatrics. 1959 Jul;24(1):43–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. VELLA F., WELLS R. H., AGER J. A., LEHMANN H. A haemoglobinopathy involving haemoglobin H and a new (Q) haemoglobin. Br Med J. 1958 Mar 29;1(5073):752–755. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5073.752. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. WOLFF J. A., MICHAELS R. H., VON HOFF F. H. Hemoglobin H-thalassemia disease. Blood. 1958 May;13(5):492–501. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. ZUELZER W. W., KAPLAN E. Thalassemia-hemoglobin C disease; a new syndrome presumably due to the combination of the genes for thalassemia and hemoglobin C. Blood. 1954 Nov;9(11):1047–1054. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from American Journal of Human Genetics are provided here courtesy of American Society of Human Genetics

RESOURCES