MxA induction depends on STAT1 signaling. Control cells, C, and two STAT1-deficient cell lines, P1 (STAT1/1757-1758delAG) and P2 (STAT1/L600P), were infected with 5 PFU per cell of FLUAVwt or FLUAVdNS1 or treated with 1,000 U/ml of IFN-α2a or left untreated. After 16 h, the amounts of MxA (A) and ISG56 (B) transcripts were determined by qRT-PCR and normalized to the amount of 18S rRNA transcripts. Error bars represent standard deviations calculated from three experiments. (C) Induction of MxA by IFN-λ. Cells were treated with 1,000 U/ml of IFN-α2a or 10 ng/ml IFN-λ1. The amounts of MxA and 18S rRNA transcripts were determined as described above.