Table 3.
Vulnerability and protective indices: Maternal psychiatric group Helmert contrasts and parenting indices predicting child outcomes
| Disruptive Diagnosisa | Internalizing Diagnosisb | Externalizing Symptomsb | Internalizing Symptomsc | Competenceb | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic indices | |||||||||||||||
| Block 1 ΔR2/Δχ2 | 5.14 | 12.85* | .09*** | .05** | .10*** | ||||||||||
| Child age | .06 | .05 | .01 | −.09* | −.10* | −.12** | .04 | .02 | −.05 | .03 | .03 | −.02 | −.15** | −.15** | −.01 |
| Child genderd | .29 | .33 | .47 | −.50* | −.47* | −.44* | .27*** | .28*** | .27*** | .13* | .14* | .10 | −.19*** | −.19*** | −.17*** |
| Minority ethnicity | −.31 | −.22 | −.26 | .15 | .24 | .13 | −.00 | .03 | .05 | .14*** | .15** | .10 | −.03 | −.04 | .01 |
| Mother education | −.05 | −.05 | .05 | −.07 | −.07 | −.07 | −.13* | −.11* | −.00 | −.08 | −.10 | −.04 | .20*** | 19*** | .13** |
| Maternal psychiatric contrasts | |||||||||||||||
| Block 2 ΔR2/Δχ2 | 8.27* | 9.75* | .06*** | .02 | .00 | ||||||||||
| Neither vs. aff/anx, comorbid, and drug | −.19* | −.05 | −.14* | −.09 | −.24*** | −.15** | .01 | .03 | .04 | −.01 | |||||
| Comorbid vs. aff/anx and drug | .01 | −.03 | .02 | .04 | .01 | −.03 | .04 | .06 | −.02 | −.01 | |||||
| Drug vs. aff/anx | .26 | .11 | .36* | .23 | .06 | −.03 | .12* | .08 | −.01 | .05 | |||||
| Parenting indices | |||||||||||||||
| Block 3 ΔR2/Δχ2 | 60.59*** | 9.62* | 22*** | .12*** | 20*** | ||||||||||
| Parenting stress | .05*** | .03** | .06 | −.08 | −.09 | ||||||||||
| Negative parenting behaviors | .12* | .04 | .10* | .38*** | −.19** | ||||||||||
| Closeness | .01 | .01 | −.01 | .09 | .27*** | ||||||||||
| Limit setting | −.06** | .02 | −.40*** | −.07 | .05 | ||||||||||
| C3 × parenting indicese | |||||||||||||||
| Block 4 ΔR2/Δχ2 | 5.63 | 3.36 | .01 | .01 | .00 | ||||||||||
| Model ΔR2/Δχ2 | 79.63*** | 35.57** | .38*** | .19*** | .30*** | ||||||||||
Note: Logistic and multiple regressions were used in predicting categorical variables and continuous variables, respectively. Unstandardized coefficients are presented for logistic regressions and standardized coefficients are presented for multiple regressions.
Mother report.
Mother and child report.
Child report.
Girl = 0.
Coefficients for this block are not presented, given that the block was nonsignificant for all outcomes. Betas for the other predictors did not change significantly as a result of this block; thus, the coefficients presented in block 3 (column 3) represent those for the final model.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001.