Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the total population with complaints suggestive of intermittent claudication.
| Total population (n = 4527) | ABI<0.9 (n = 2187) | 0.9≤ABI≤1.4 (n = 2340) | OR for ABI<0.9 (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 68.8 (8.5) | 70.1 (8.5) | 67.7 (8.3) | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.04) | <0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 2448 (54.1) | 1318 (60.3) | 1130 (48.3) | 1.63 (1.45 to 1.83) | <0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 27.3 (11.6) | 26.9 (11.9) | 27.8 (11.3) | 0.95 (0.94 to 0.97) | 0.009 |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 1570 (34.7) | 938 (42.9) | 632 (27.0) | 2.05 (1.81 to 2.33) | <0.001 |
| Ever smoked, n (%) | 1532 (33.8) | 743 (34.0) | 789 (33.7) | 2.25 (1.97 to 2.57) | <0.001 |
| Never smoked, n (%) | 1319 (29.1) | 454 (20.8) | 865 (37.0) | 0.44 (0.39 to 0.51) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3428 (75.7) | 1758 (80.4) | 1670 (71.4) | 1.82 (1.56 to 2.12) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1330 (29.4) | 664 (30.4) | 666 (28.5) | 1.12 (0.99 to 1.28) | 0.084 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 2147 (47.4) | 1081 (49.4) | 1066 (45.6) | 1.23 (1.08–1.40) | 0.002 |
| Family history, n (%) | 1721 (38.0) | 788 (36.0) | 933 (39.9) | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.96) | 0.008 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 1153 (25.5) | 591 (27.0) | 562 (24.0) | 1.17 (1.03 to 1.34) | 0.02 |
| Stroke or TIA, n (%) | 406 (9.0) | 206 (9.4) | 200 (8.5) | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.37) | 0.300 |
| No vascular risk factor present, n (%) | 137 (3.0) | 28 (1.3) | 109 (4.7) | 0.27 (0.17 to 0.40) | 0.001 |
| Two risk factors present, n (%) | 1579 (34.9) | 758 (34.7) | 821 (35.1) | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.08) | 0.463 |
| Three or more risk factors present, n (%) | 1768 (39.1) | 987 (45.1) | 781 (33.4) | 1.70 (1.50 to 1.92) | 0.001 |
ABI = ankle brachial index. BMI = body mass index. OR = odds ratio. SD = standard deviation. TIA = transient ischaemic attack.