Table 1.
Reaction volume and heating/cooling rates of PCR chips
| Reaction volume (nl) | Heating rate (°C/s) | Cooling rate (°C/s) | Amplification time (s)/Cycle number | Amplicon length (bp) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber PCR | |||||
| Small volume | |||||
| 0.45 | 240 | (49) | |||
| 33 | (78) | ||||
| 40 | ∼6000 or ∼3720/40 | 74 | (17) | ||
| 100 | 175 | 125 | 340/40 | 82 | (80) |
| 200 | 10–50 | 5 | 600/30 | 150/1382 | (77) |
| 240 | >20 | >20 | 1320/35 | 690 | (32) |
| 280 | 4.8/7.8 | 5.0 | 708/30 | 278 | (26) |
| 380 | >15 | >10 | <1620/30 | (31,35) | |
| 420 | 3 | 2 | (39) | ||
| 550 | 660/30 | 211 | (27) | ||
| 900–7000 | 6.5 | 1.95 | (54) | ||
| 1000 | 44 | 20 | 208 | (79) | |
| 1170 | 522/30 | 300 | (13) | ||
| 1750 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 322 | (53) | |
| 2000 | 11 | 3.2 | 1350/30 | 330 | (11) |
| Large volume | |||||
| ∼3500 | 11 | 2.7 | ∼1680/30 | 209 | (14) |
| 3600 | ∼10 | ∼4.6 | ∼2400/30 | 183 | (51) |
| 8000 | 5 | 2.67 | 1740/25 | 305 | (62,63) |
| 10 000 | 305 | (57) | |||
| 10 000 | ∼20 | ∼10 | 900/20 | 240 | (40) |
| 10 000 | ∼20 | ∼10 | 840/20 | 273 | (47) |
| 10 000 | ∼20 | ∼10 | 1584/30 | 273 | (45) |
| 15 000 | 38 | 7.9 | 3300/25 | 511 | (89) |
| ∼20 000 | 11.5 | 5.5 | <900/20 | 273 | (38) |
| 25 000 | 8 | 8 | 1680/30 | 244 | (70) |
| 37 500 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2100/40 | 544 | (37) |
| 50 000 | ∼20 | ∼10 | 511 | (48) | |
| Continuous-flow PCR | |||||
| (480 ∼ 1800)/30 | 430 | (44) | |||
| 500 | 1086/27 | 500 | (56) | ||
| 1000 | ∼900/35 | (23) | |||
| ∼6000 | 2100/25 | 145 | (41) | ||
| 4500 | ∼12 | ∼12 | 2280/23 | 240 | (64) |
| 8000 | 300/>40 | 372 | (65) |